DEPARTMENT OF LICENSING AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS  
DIRECTOR'S OFFICE  
CONSTRUCTION SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARD  
(By authority conferred on the director of the department of licensing and regulatory  
affairs by sections 19 and 21 of the Michigan occupational safety and health act, 1974 PA  
154, MCL 408.1019 and 408.1021, and Executive Reorganization Order Nos. 1996-2,  
2003-1, 2008-4, and 2011-4, MCL 445.2001, 445.2011, 445.2025, and 445.2030)  
PART 11. FIXED AND PORTABLE LADDERS  
R 408.41101 Scope .  
Rule 1101. This part establishes minimum requirements for the construction,  
care, and training in the use of portable and fixed ladders for construction, alteration, or  
repair operations .  
History: 1979 AC; 1993 AACS .  
R 408.41102 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.41102a Adopted and referenced standards.  
Rule 1102a. (1) The following American National Standard Institute (ANSI)  
standards are adopted by reference:  
(a) ANSI standard A14.1 “Ladders – Wood Safety Requirements,” 1990 edition.  
Cost: $36.00.  
(b) ANSI standard A14.2 “Ladders – Portable Metal – Safety Requirements,” 1990  
edition. Cost: $41.00.  
(c) ANSI standard A14.3 “Ladders – Fixed – Safety Requirements,” 1984 edition.  
Cost: $25.00.  
(d) ANSI standard A14.5 “Ladders – Portable Reinforced Plastic – Safety  
Requirements,” 1982 edition with 1985 supplement. Cost: $42.00.  
(2) The standards adopted in subrule (1) of this rule are available from Global  
Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, Colorado 80112, telephone  
number 1-800-854-7179, website: www.global.ihs.com, at the cost listed above.  
(3) The standards adopted in these rules are available for inspection at the  
Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs, MIOSHA Regulatory Services Section,  
530 West Allegan Street, Lansing, Michigan, 48909-8143.  
(4) The standards adopted in these rules may be obtained from the publisher or may  
be obtained from the Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs, MIOSHA  
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Regulatory Services Section, 530 West Allegan Street, P.O. Box 30643, Lansing,  
Michigan, 48909-8143, plus $20.00 for shipping and handling.  
(5) The following Michigan Occupational Safety and Health Administration  
(MIOSHA) standards are referenced in these rules. Up to 5 copies of these standards may  
be obtained at no charge from the Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs,  
MIOSHA Regulatory Services Section, 530 West Allegan Street, P.O. Box 30643,  
Lansing, Michigan, 48909-8143 or via the internet at the following website:  
www.michigan.gov/mioshastandards. For quantities greater than 5, the cost, as of the  
time of adoption of these rules, is 4 cents per page.  
(a) Construction Safety Standard Part 16. “Power Transmission and Distribution,”  
R 408.41601 to R 408.41658.  
(b) Construction Safety Standard Part 22. “Signals, Signs, Tags, and Barricades,”  
R 408.42201 to R 408.42243.  
(c) Construction Safety Standard Part 45. “Fall Protection,” R 408.44501 to  
R 408.44502.  
(d) General Industry Safety and Health Standard Part 2. “Walking-Working  
Surfaces,” R 408.10201 to R 408.10241.  
History: 2014 AACS; 2019 AACS.  
R 408.41103 Definitions; B to I .  
Rule 1103. (1) "Brand" means marking by burning with a hot iron .  
(2) "Cage," "cage guard," or "basket guard" means an enclosure that is fastened to  
the side rails of a fixed ladder or to the structure to encircle the climbing space of a  
ladder for the safety of a climber .  
(3) "Cleats" means a ladder's crosspieces of rectangular cross section which are  
placed on edge and on which a person may step to ascend or descend .  
(4) "Double-cleat ladder" means a ladder that is similar to a single-cleat  
ladder, but is wider and has an additional rail in the center that allows simultaneous 2-  
way traffic  
(5) "Equivalent" means alternative designs, materials, or methods that will provide  
an equal or greater degree of safety for employees .  
(6) "Extension ladder" means a non-self-supporting portable ladder that is  
adjustable in length. An extension ladder consists of 2 or more sections traveling in  
guides or brackets arranged to permit adjustment of the ladder's length. An extension  
ladder's size is designated by the sum of the lengths of the sections measured along the  
side rails .  
(7) "Extension trestle ladder" means a self-supporting portable ladder which is  
adjustable in length, which consists of a trestle ladder base and a vertically adjustable  
single ladder, and which has suitable means for locking the ladders together. The size is  
designated by the length of the rail of the trestle ladder base .  
(8) "Fixed ladder" means a ladder that is permanently attached to a structure,  
building, or equipment .  
(9) "Grab bar" means a handhold that is placed adjacent to, or as an extension  
above, a ladder for the purpose of providing access beyond the limits of the ladder .  
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(10) "Individual rung ladder" means a fixed ladder that has each rung individually  
attached to a structure, building, or equipment .  
History: 1979 AC; 1990 AACS; 1993 AACS .  
R 408.41104 Definitions; J to R .  
Rule 1104. (1) "Job-built ladder" means a ladder, other than a manufactured  
ladder, that is usually built at the jobsite .  
(2) "Ladder" means an appliance that usually consists of 2 side rails which are  
joined at regular intervals by crosspieces which are called steps, rungs, or cleats and  
on which a person may step to ascend or descend .  
(3) "Ladder safety device" means a device, other than a cage or well, that is  
designed to eliminate or reduce the possibility of accidental falls .  
(4) "Lower levels" means those levels to which an employee can fall from a ladder.  
Such areas include ground levels, floors, ramps, runways, excavations, pits, water,  
and similar surfaces. The term does not include the surface from which the employee  
falls .  
(5) "Manufactured ladder" means a commercially made ladder .  
(6) "Maximum intended load" means the total load of all employees, equipment,  
tools, materials, transmitted loads, and other loads that are anticipated to be applied to a  
ladder compartment at any one time .  
(7) "Pitch" means the included angle which is between the horizontal and the ladder  
and which is measured on the opposite side of the ladder from the climbing side .  
(8) "Platform ladder" means a self-supporting type of fixed size stepladder that  
has a platform provided at the working level. The size is determined by the distance  
along the front rail from the platform to the base of the ladder .  
(9) "Portable ladder" means a ladder which is not permanently fixed in place and  
which may be used at various locations .  
(10) "Rail ladder" means a fixed ladder which consists of side rails that are joined  
at regular intervals by rungs or cleats and which is fastened along its entire length or  
in sections to a building, structure, or equipment .  
(11) "Rungs" means a ladder's crosspieces of circular or oval cross section on  
which a person may step to ascend or descend .  
History: 1979 AC; 1993 AACS .  
R 408.41105 Definitions; S to W.  
Rule 1105. (1) "Safety feet" means a safety device that is placed on the foot of the  
side rails of straight, sectional, or extension ladders to reduce the likelihood that the base  
will slip. Safety feet may be flat pads that are covered with a nonslip material, pointed  
metal projections, or spur wheels.  
(2) "Side-step ladder" means a ladder that requires an employee who is getting off at  
the top of the ladder to step sideways from the ladder to reach the landing.  
(3) "Single-cleat ladder" means a ladder that consists of a pair of parallel side rails  
that are connected with cleats which are joined to the side rails at regular intervals.  
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(4) "Single-rail ladder" means a portable ladder that has rungs, cleats, or steps which  
are mounted on a single rail instead of the normal 2 rails that are used on most other  
ladders.  
(5) "Special-purpose ladder" means a portable ladder that represents either a  
modification or a combination of design or construction features in 1 or more of the  
general purpose types of ladders, as defined in R 408.41103(5) and (6), R 408.41104(5)  
and (6), and subrules (4) and (6) of this rule, in order to adapt the ladder to special or  
specific uses.  
(6) "Stepladder" means a self-supporting portable ladder that is nonadjustable in  
length and that has flat steps and a hinged back. A stepladder's size is measured along the  
front edge of the side rails.  
(7) "Steps" means the flat crosspieces of a ladder on which a person may step to  
ascend or descend.  
(8) "Through ladder" means a ladder that requires an employee who is getting off at  
the top of the ladder to step through the ladder to reach the landing.  
(9) "Trestle ladder" means a self-supporting portable ladder which is nonadjustable  
in length and which consists of 2 sections that are hinged at the top to form equal angles  
with the base. The size of the ladder is designated by the length of the side rails measured  
along the front edge.  
(10) "Well" means a permanent complete enclosure around a fixed ladder that  
protects a climber. Proper clearance for a well will give the same protection as a cage.  
(11) "Worn" means a reduction of the dimension of a wood or non-wood part by  
more than 10% of its original size.  
History: 1979 AC; 1990 AACS; 1993 AACS; 2014 AACS.  
R 408.41111 Ladders.  
Rule 1111. (1) A manufactured portable wood ladder shall be constructed and  
maintained as prescribed in the ANSI standard A14.1 “Ladders – Wood Safety  
Requirements,” 1990 edition, as adopted in R 408.41102a.  
(2) A manufactured portable metal ladder shall be constructed and maintained as  
prescribed in the ANSI standard A14.2 “Ladders – Portable Metal – Safety  
Requirements,” 1990 edition, as adopted in R 408.41102a.  
(3) A manufactured portable plastic ladder shall be constructed and maintained as  
prescribed in the ANSI standard A14.5 “Ladders – Portable Reinforced Plastic – Safety  
Requirements,” 1982 edition with 1985 supplement, as adopted in R 408.41102a.  
(4) Fixed ladders shall be constructed and maintained as prescribed in the ANSI  
standard A14.3 “Ladders – Fixed – Safety Requirements,” 1984 edition, as adopted in  
R 408.41102a.  
History: 1979 AC; 1990 AACS; 1993 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2014 AACS.  
R 408.41112 Training requirements .  
Rule 1112. (1) The employer shall provide a training program for each employee  
who uses a ladder. The program shall enable each employee to recognize hazards  
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related to the ladder and shall train each employee in the procedures to be followed to  
minimize these hazards .  
(2) An employer shall ensure that each employee has been trained by a competent  
person in all of the following areas, as applicable: (a) The nature of fall hazards in the  
work area .  
(b) The correct procedures for erecting, maintaining, and disassembling the fall  
protection systems to be used .  
(c) The proper construction, use, and placement of, and care in handling,  
ladders .  
(d) The maximum intended load-carrying capacities of ladders that are used .  
(e) The rules contained in this part .  
(3) Retraining shall be provided for each employee as necessary so that the  
employee maintains the understanding and knowledge acquired through compliance  
with these rules .  
History: 1993 AACS.  
R 408.41113 General requirements.  
Rule 1113. (1) A ladder shall be provided at all personnel points of access if there is  
a break in elevation of 19 inches (48 cm) or more and if a ramp, runway, sloped  
embankment, stairway, or personnel hoist is not provided.  
(2) When a building or structure has only 1 point of access between levels, that point  
of access shall be kept clear to permit the free passage of employees. When work must be  
performed or equipment must be used, that restricts the free passage of employees at the  
point of access, an employer shall provide a second point of access and the access must  
be used.  
(3) When a building or structure has 2 or more points of access between levels, the  
employer shall ensure at least 1 point of access is kept clear to permit the free passage of  
employees.  
(4) Employers shall provide and install all ladder fall protection systems that are  
required by this part and shall comply with all other pertinent requirements of this part  
before employees begin the work that necessitates the installation and use of ladders and  
their respective fall protection systems.  
(5) Ladder rungs, cleats, and steps shall be parallel, level, and uniformly spaced  
when a ladder is in position for use.  
(6) Rungs, cleats, and steps of portable ladders, except as provided in subrules (7)  
and (8) of this rule, and fixed ladders shall be spaced not less than 10 inches (25 cm)  
apart and not more than 14 inches (36 cm) apart, as measured between the center lines of  
the rungs, cleats, and steps .  
(7) Rungs, cleats, and steps of step stools shall be not less than 8 inches (20 cm)  
apart and not more than 12 inches (31 cm) apart, as measured between center lines of the  
rungs, cleats, and steps.  
(8) Rungs, cleats, and steps of the base section of extension trestle ladders shall be  
not less than 8 inches (20 cm), nor more than 18 inches (46 cm), apart, as measured  
between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. The rung spacing on the extension  
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section of the extension trestle ladder shall be not less than 6 inches (15 cm), nor more  
than 12 inches (31 cm), as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps.  
(9) The minimum clear distance between the sides of individual rung-type  
stepladders and the minimum clear distance between the side rails of other fixed ladders  
shall be 16 inches (41 cm).  
(10) The minimum clear distance between side rails for all portable ladders shall be  
11 1/2 inches (29 cm).  
(11) The rungs of individual rung-type stepladders shall be shaped so that an  
employee's feet cannot slide off the end of the rungs. See figure 1.  
FIGURE 1  
SUGGESTED DESIGN FOR RUNGS ON INDIVIDUAL RUNG LADDERS  
(12) The rungs and steps of fixed metal ladders that are manufactured after January  
14, 1991, shall be corrugated, knurled, dimpled, coated with skid-resistant material, or  
otherwise treated to minimize slipping.  
(13) The rungs of steps of portable metal ladders shall be corrugated, knurled,  
dimpled, coated with skid-resistant material, or otherwise treated to minimize slipping.  
(14) Except when portable ladders are used to gain access to fixed ladders, such as  
ladders on utility towers, billboards, and other structures where the bottom of the fixed  
ladder is elevated to limit access, when 2 or more separate ladders are used to reach an  
elevated work area, the ladder shall be offset with a platform or landing between the  
ladders.  
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(15) Ladder components shall be surfaced in a manner that prevents employee injury  
due to punctures or lacerations and prevents the snagging of clothing.  
History: 1993 AACS; 2014 AACS.  
R 408.41115 Rescinded.  
History: 1993 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.41121 Inspection; faults and defects.  
Rule 1121. (1) A ladder, as prescribed in this part, shall be used to provide safe  
access to all elevations, unless other means, such as steps, stairs, ramps, runways, or  
elevators, are provided.  
(2) A ladder shall be inspected before use and after it has fallen or been involved in  
an accident to determine its condition.  
(3) A ladder that has any of the following faults and defects shall be immediately  
tagged "DANGEROUS - DO NOT USE" and shall be withdrawn from service:  
(a) Broken, worn, or missing rungs, cleats, or steps.  
(b) Broken or split side rails.  
(c) Broken or bent guides or iron spreaders.  
(d) Broken or bent locks.  
The tag shall be as prescribed in Construction Safety Standard Part 22 “Signals,  
Signs, Tags, and Barricades,” as referenced in R 408.41102a.  
(4) Fixed ladders that have structural defects, such as broken or split rails or  
corroded components, shall be withdrawn from service until repaired. The requirement to  
withdraw a defective ladder from service is satisfied if 1 of the following provisions is  
complied with:  
(a) The ladder is immediately tagged with the words "do not use" or similar  
language.  
(b) The ladder is marked in a manner that readily identifies it as defective.  
(c) The ladder is blocked, such as with a plywood attachment that spans several  
rungs.  
(5) Ladder repairs shall restore the ladder to a condition that meets its original  
design criteria before the ladder is returned to use.  
History: 1979 AC; 1990 AACS; 1993 AACS; 2014 AACS.  
R 408.41122. Use generally.  
Rule 1122. (1) A ladder shall not be placed in a passageway, doorway, driveway, or  
any location where it may be displaced, unless it is protected by barricades or guards or is  
secured to prevent displacement.  
(2) A ladder shall be placed on a substantial and stable base unless it is secured to  
prevent accidental displacement. The area around the top and bottom of the ladder shall  
be kept clear.  
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(3) A ladder shall not be used as a brace, slide, guy, gin pole, or gangway or for any  
other use than that for which it is designed.  
(4) An employee shall face the ladder when ascending or descending. Each  
employee shall use at least 1 hand to grasp the ladder when progressing up or down the  
ladder. An employee shall not carry any object or load that could cause the employee to  
lose balance and fall.  
(5) An employee who is on a ladder shall not overreach or do any pushing or pulling  
that may cause the ladder to move or topple. If both of an employee’s shoulders are  
outside of a side rail, the employee is overreaching.  
(6) A ladder shall be located and maintained to prevent an employee from bumping  
into, or snagging onto, projecting objects while ascending or descending the ladder.  
(7) A ladder shall not be loaded beyond its load-carrying capacity.  
(8) A ladder shall not be moved, shifted, or extended while occupied by an  
employee.  
(9) Single-rail ladders shall not be used.  
History: 1979 AC; 1990 AACS; 1993 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.41123 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 1990 AACS; 1993 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2014 AACS.  
R 408.41124 Portable ladders.  
Rule 1124. (1) A portable ladder must be used at such a pitch that the horizontal  
projected distance from the top support to the base is not more than 1/4 of the vertical  
distance between these points.  
(2) A portable ladder in use shall be equipped with appropriate safety feet, unless the  
ladder is tied, blocked, or otherwise secured to prevent it from being displaced.  
Slip-resistant feet must not be used as a substitute for care in placing, lashing, or holding  
a ladder that is used upon slippery surfaces, including flat metal or concrete surfaces that  
are constructed so that they cannot be prevented from becoming slippery.  
(3) A portable ladder that is used at such a pitch that the horizontal projected  
distance from the top support to the base is less than 1/5 of the vertical distance between  
these points shall be secured at the top to prevent tipping backward.  
(4) A portable ladder that is used at a pitch of 80 degrees or more shall be in  
compliance with the requirements of a fixed ladder as prescribed in General Industry  
Safety and Health Standard Part 2. “Walking-Working Surfaces,” as referenced in  
R 408.41102a.  
(5) When portable ladders are used for access to an upper landing surface, the ladder  
side rails must extend not less than 3 feet (0.9 m) above the upper landing surface to  
which the ladder is used to gain access; or, when such an extension is not possible  
because of the ladder’s length, then the ladder must be secured at its top to rigid support  
that will not deflect and a grasping device, such as a grab-rail, shall be provided to assist  
employees in mounting and dismounting the ladder. The side rails shall not extend in a  
manner that would permit ladder deflection under a load, by itself, to cause the ladder to  
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slip off its support. The top of a non-self-supporting ladder shall be placed with the 2 rails  
supported equally, unless the ladder is equipped with a single support attachment.  
(6) A manufactured portable metal ladder shall not be used for electrical work or  
where the ladder or an employee may contact electrical conductors.  
A ladder shall have nonconductive side-rails if the ladder is used where the employee  
or the ladder could contact exposed energized electrical equipment, except as provided in  
Construction Safety Standard Part 16. “Power Transmission and Distribution,” as  
referenced in R 408.41102a.  
(7) A metal ladder must not be used or moved unless a minimum of 20 feet is  
maintained between power transmission or distribution lines.  
(8) A power transmission or distribution line or electrical apparatus must be  
considered energized unless the property owner or utility indicates it is de-energized and  
the line or apparatus is visibly grounded. Where de-energizing is impractical, the  
minimum clearances set forth in table 1 shall be maintained between the ladder,  
employee, or material, whichever is closer.  
(9) Table 1 reads as follows:  
TABLE 1  
VOLTAGE  
To 50 kV  
MINIMUM CLEARANCE  
10 feet  
Over 50 kV  
10 feet plus .4 inch per kV  
(10) An employee who is using a portable ladder shall not stand on the top 2 rungs  
or within 3 feet of the top of the ladder.  
(11) Two portable ladders must not be spliced together to provide long sections  
unless such ladders are specifically designed for such use.  
(12) A portable 2-section extension ladder must be erected so that the top section  
rests on the base section. The top section must be the section nearest to the climber.  
(13) A non-self-supporting ladder must be used at an angle such that the horizontal  
distance from the top support to the foot of the ladder is approximately 1/4 of the working  
length of the ladder that is the distance along the ladder between the foot and the top  
support.  
(14) A fixed ladder must be used at a pitch of not more than 90 degrees from the  
horizontal, as measured to the back side of the ladder.  
(15) An employer shall ensure that each self-supporting portable ladder complies  
with all of the following:  
(a) A ladder must sustain at least 4 times the maximum intended load, except that  
each extra-heavy-duty type 1A metal or plastic ladder must sustain at least 3.3 times the  
maximum intended load.  
(b) The ability of a ladder to sustain the loads indicated in this rule is determined by  
applying or transmitting the requisite load to the ladder in a downward vertical direction.  
(c) Ladders built and tested in conformance with the applicable provisions of  
R 408.41111, are deemed to meet this requirement.  
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See figure 5.  
History: 1979 AC; 1990 AACS; 1993 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2019 AACS.  
R 408.41125 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 1993 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
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R 408.41126. Use of stepladders.  
Rule 1126. (1) An employee shall not use the backside of a stepladder for climbing,  
unless the stepladder is designed for such use.  
(2) Unless the stepladder is equipped with a handrail, the top step and cap shall not  
be used to stand on.  
(3) A stepladder shall not be used as a straight ladder by leaning it against a wall or  
other support.  
(4) A metal spreader or locking device shall be provided on each stepladder to hold  
the front and back sections in an open position when the ladder is being used. The ladder  
shall be opened fully and the spreaders shall be locked while in use.  
History: 1979 AC; 1993 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.41127 Single and double-cleat ladders generally.  
Rule 1127. (1) A job-built ladder shall not be more than 24 feet in length. If the  
length of a required job-built ladder would be more than the maximum length, 2 or more  
separate ladders shall be used and shall be offset with a platform between each ladder that  
is not supported by the ladders. Ladders used with a platform shall be secured at the top  
and bottom.  
(2) The platform shall be designed to support 4 times the intended load. Guardrails  
and toeboards, as prescribed in Construction Safety Standard Part 45 “Fall Protection,” as  
referenced in R 408.41102a, shall be erected on the exposed sides of the platform. Rails  
shall extend above the top landing at least 36 inches but not more than 42 inches to  
provide a handhold for mounting and dismounting, and cleats shall be eliminated above  
the landing level. When 2 or more separate job-built ladders are used with a platform, the  
ladders shall be completely offset from each other and the minimum horizontal distance  
between adjacent side rails shall be 6 inches.  
(3) Side rails of a job-built ladder shall be continuous.  
(4) Each cleat of a job-built ladder shall be a continuous member.  
(5) A wood cleat shall be not less than nominal 1-inch by 4-inch construction grade  
lumber for a cleat less than 20 inches in length and not less than nominal 2-inch by 4-  
inch construction grade lumber for a cleat from 20 inches to 50 inches in length. Knot-  
free lumber shall be used for cleats.  
(6) The cleats shall be uniformly spaced 12 inches top to top. A cleat shall be  
attached to the narrow face of each side rail using 2 10-d nails for nominal 1-inch by 4-  
inch cleats or 2 16-d nails for 2-inch by 4-inch cleats .  
(7) Filler blocks shall be used on the rails between cleats. Filler blocks of the same  
thickness as the cleats shall be inserted between cleats and butted tightly against the  
underside of each cleat.  
(8) Side rails shall not be cut into house cleats.  
History: 1979 AC; 1990 AACS; 1996 AACS; 2015 AACS.  
R 408.41128 Single-cleat ladders; width; side rails .  
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Rule 1128. (1) The width of a single-cleat ladder shall be not less than 16 inches or  
more than 20 inches between rails. Side rails shall be parallel .  
(2) Side rails of a single-cleat ladder shall be not less than nominal 2-inch by 4-  
inch construction grade lumber for ladders less than 16 feet in length and not less than  
nominal 2-inch by 6-inch construction grade lumber for ladders from 16 feet to 24 feet  
in length .  
History: 1979 AC; 1990 AACS .  
R 408.41129 Double-cleat ladders; width; additional rail; side rails .  
Rule 1129. (1) The width between outside rails of a double-cleat ladder shall be not  
less than 38 inches or more than 46 inches .  
(2) A double-cleat ladder shall have an additional rail located at the center of the  
ladder  
(3) The side rails and middle rail for a double-cleat ladder shall be not less than  
nominal 2-inch by 4-inch construction grade lumber for double-cleat ladders less than  
12 feet in length and not less than nominal 2-inch by 6-inch construction grade lumber  
for a double-cleat ladder from 12 feet to 24 feet in length .  
(4) The side rails of a double-cleat ladder shall be secured at the bottom and as  
close as possible to the top to prevent moving or toppling .  
History: 1990 AACS .  
R 408.41130 Rescinded.  
History: 1990 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.41131 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 1990 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.41132. Maintenance.  
Rule 1132. (1) A ladder shall be maintained free of slip-enhancing hazards and in  
good working condition.  
(2) A ladder shall not be painted with an opaque material. A ladder, particularly one  
used out-of-doors should be coated with a suitable transparent protective material to  
retard splintering caused by weathering.  
(3) The side rails and legs of a ladder shall be kept free from splinters. The joint  
between the side rail and step shall be kept tight and metal hardware and fittings secured.  
(4) A ladder surface shall be free of puncture or laceration hazards.  
History: 1990 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
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Courtesy of Michigan Administrative Rules  
R 408.41133. Special-purpose ladders.  
Rule 1133. (1) A special-purpose ladder may be capable of being used as a step  
ladder, a single or extension ladder, or a trestle ladder.  
(2) A special-purpose ladder, when used as any of the types of ladders listed in  
subrule (1) of this rule, shall meet the requirements of the applicable rules of this part.  
(3) A special-purpose ladder may be used by more than 1 employee if specifically  
designed for that purpose.  
History: 1990 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.41140 Fixed ladders.  
Rule 1140. A fixed ladder must be as prescribed in General Industry Safety and  
Health Standard Part 2. “Walking-Working Surfaces,” as referenced in R 408.41102a.  
History: 1990 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2019 AACS.  
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Courtesy of Michigan Administrative Rules  
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