DEPARTMENT OF LICENSING AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS

DIRECTOR'S OFFICE

GENERAL INDUSTRY SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARD

(By authority conferred on the director of the department of licensing and regulatory affairs

by sections 16 and 21 of 1974 PA 154, MCL 408.1016 and 408.1021, and Executive

Reorganization Order Nos. 1996-2, 2003-1, 2008-4, and 2011-4, MCL 445.2001,

445.2011, 445.2025, and 445.2030)

GENERAL INDUSTRY SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARD

PART 33. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

GENERAL PROVISIONS

R 408.13301. Scope.

Rule 3301. (1) This standard applies to all places of general industry employment in this

state and includes requirements of the employer and use by the employee of personal

protective equipment and provides reasonable and adequate means, ways, and methods for

the proper selection and safe use of this equipment.

(2) This standard establishes performance, care, and use criteria for all personal fall

protection systems.

(3) An employer shall ensure that each personal fall protection system used to comply

with MIOSHA general industry safety and health standards meets the requirements of these

rules.

(4) Hearing protection shall be in compliance with Occupational Health Standard Part 380

“Occupational Noise Exposure in General Industry,” as referenced in R 408.13301a.

(5) Respiratory protection shall be in compliance with Occupational Health Standard Part

451 “Respiratory Protection,” as referenced in R 408.13301a.

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2018 AACS.

R 408.13301a Adopted and referenced standards.

Rule 3301a. (1) The following standards are adopted by reference in these rules and are

available from IHS Global, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, Colorado, 80112, USA,

telephone number: 1-800-854-7179, www.global.ihs.com, at a cost as of the time of

adoption of these rules, as stated in these rules.

(a) American National Standards Institute Standard (ANSI) Z-41 "American National

Standard for Personal Protection -- Protective Footwear," 1999 edition. Cost $25.00.

(b) ANSI/ISEA (International Safety Equipment Association) Z-87.1 “Occupational and

Educational Personal Eye and Face Protection Devices,” 2010 edition. Cost $60.00.

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(c) ANSI Z-87.1 “Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protection

Devices,” 2003 edition. Cost $68.00.

(d) ANSI Z-87.1 “Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,”

1989 edition, revised 1998. Cost: $148.00.

(e) American Society of Testing Materials Standard (ASTM) D-120 “Standard

Specification for Rubber Insulating Gloves,” 2009 edition. Cost: $58.00.

(f) ASTM D-178 “Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Matting,” 2001 edition

with 2010 supplement. Cost $47.00.

(g) ASTM D-178 “Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Matting,” 1993 edition.

Cost $56.00.

(h) ASTM D-1048 “Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Blankets,” 2012 edition.

Cost $47.00.

(i) ASTM D-1049 “Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Covers,” 1998 edition

with 2010 supplement. Cost $47.00.

(j) ASTM D-1050 “Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Line Hose,” 2005

edition with 2011 supplement. Cost $47.00.

(k) ASTM D-1051 “Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Sleeves,” 2008 edition.

Cost $58.00.

(l) ASTM F-478 “Standard Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Line Hose and

Covers,” 2009 edition. Cost $52.00.

(m) ASTM F-479 “Standard Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Blankets,”

2006 edition with 2011 supplement. Cost: $47.00.

(n) ASTM F-496 “Standard Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Gloves and

Sleeves,” 2008 edition. Cost $58.00.

(o) ASTM F-2412 “Standard Test Methods for Foot Protection,” 2005 edition. Cost

$64.00.

(p) ASTM F-2413 “Standard Specification for Performance Requirements for Protective

Footwear,” 2005 edition. Cost $56.00.

(q) ASTM F-819 “Standard Terminology Relating to Electrical Protective Equipment for

Workers,” 2010 edition. Cost $41.00.

(r) ASTM F-1236 “Standard Guide for Visual Inspection of Electrical Protective Rubber

Products,” 1996 edition with 2012 supplement. Cost: $47.00.

(s) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE Standard 516 “Guide for

Maintenance Methods on Energized Power Lines,” 2009 edition. Cost: $135.00.

(2) The following standards are adopted by reference in these rules and are available from

Document Center, Inc., Customer Service, 121 Industrial Road, Suite 8, Belmont, CA

94002, USA, telephone:(650) 591-7600 or via the internet at website:

www.document-center.com; at a cost as of the time of adoption of these rules, as stated in

these rules.

(a) ANSI Z-89.1 "American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection," 2009

edition. Cost $61.25.

(b) ANSI Z-89.1 "American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection," 2003

edition. Cost: $20.00.

(c) ANSI Z-89.1 "American National Standard for Personnel Protection—Protective

Headwear for Industrial Workers--Requirements," 1997 edition. Cost: $20.00.

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(3) The standards adopted in these rules are available for inspection at the Department of

Licensing and Regulatory Affairs, MIOSHA Regulatory Services Section, P.O. Box

30643, Lansing, Michigan, 48909-8143.

(4) Copies of the standards adopted in these rules may be obtained from the publisher or

may be obtained from the Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs, MIOSHA

Regulatory Services Section, P.O. Box 30643, Lansing, Michigan, 48909-8143, at the cost

charged in this rule, plus $20.00 for shipping and handling.

(5) The following Michigan Occupational Safety and Health (MIOSHA) standards are

referenced in these rules. Up to 5 copies of these standards may be obtained at no charge

from the Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs, MIOSHA Regulatory

Services section, P.O. Box 30643, Lansing, MI, 48909-8143 or via the internet at website:

www.michigan.gov/mioshastandards. For quantities greater than 5, the cost, at the time of

adoption of these rules, is 4 cents per page.

(a) Occupational Health Standard Part 380 “Occupational Noise Exposure in General

Industry” R 325.60101 to R 325.30128.

(b) Occupational Health Standard Part 451 “Respiratory Protection,” R 325.60051 to

R 325.60052.

(c) General Industry Safety and Health Standard Part 50 “Telecommunications,”

R 408.15001 to R 408.15004.

(d) General Industry Safety and Health Standard Part 86 “Electric Power Generation,

Transmission, and Distribution,” R 408.18601 to R 408.18605.

(6) The appendices are informational only and are not intended to create any additional

obligations or requirements not otherwise imposed or to detract from any established

obligations or requirements.

History: 2014 AACS; 2015 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2018 AACS.

R 408.13302 Definitions, A to E.

Rule 3302. (1) “Absorptive lens” means a filter lens whose physical properties are

designed to attenuate the effect of glare, reflective, and stray light.

(2) “Anchorage” means a secure point of attachment for equipment such as lifelines,

lanyards, or deceleration devices.

(3) “Apparatus” means electrical equipment.

(4) “Bare hand technique” means a method of working on energized conductors by

isolating the employee from any ground potential and by placing the employee in

continuous firm contact with the energized electric field.

(5) “Belt terminal” means an end attachment of a window cleaner’s positioning system

used for securing the belt or harness to a window cleaner’s belt anchor.

(6) “Body belt” means a strap with means both for securing about the waist and for

attaching to other components such as a lanyard used with positioning systems, travel

restraint systems, or ladder safety systems.

(7) “Body harness” means straps that secure about the employee in a manner to distribute

the fall arrest forces over at least the thighs, pelvis, waist, chest, and shoulders, with a

means for attaching the harness to other components of a personal fall protection system.

(8) “Bump hat or cap” means a device worn on the head to protect the wearer from bumps

or blows but which does not meet the requirements of protective helmets.

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(9) “Carabiner” means a connector generally comprised of a trapezoidal or oval shaped

body with a closed gate or similar arrangement that may be opened to attach another object

and, when released, automatically closes to retain the object.

(10) “Chin protector” means the portion of a device that offers protection to a wearer’s

chin, lower face, and neck.

(11) “Competent person” means a person who is capable of identifying existing and

predictable hazards in any personal fall protection system or any component of it, as well

as in their application and uses with related equipment, and who has authorization to take

prompt, corrective action to eliminate the identified hazards.

(12) “Conductor” means a material, such as a bus bar, wire, or cable, suitable for carrying

an electric current.

(13) “Connector” means a device used to couple or connect parts of the fall protection

system together.

(14) “Corrective lens” means a lens ground to the wearer’s individual prescription.

(15) “Cover lens” means a removable disc or colorless glass, plastic-coated glass, or

plastic that covers a filter lens and protects it from weld spatter, pitting, or scratching when

used in a goggle.

(16) “Cover plate” means a removable pane of colorless glass, plastic-coated glass, or

plastic that covers a filter plate and protects it from weld spatter, pitting, or scratching when

used in a helmet, hood, or goggle.

(17) “D-ring” means a connector used on any of the following:

(a) In a harness as an integral attachment element or fall arrest attachment.

(b) In a lanyard, energy absorber, lifeline, or anchorage connector as an integral

connector.

(c) In a positioning or travel restraint system as an attachment element.

(18) “Deceleration device” means any mechanism that serves to dissipate energy during

a fall.

(19) “Deceleration distance” means the vertical distance a falling employee travels from

the point at which the deceleration device begins to operate, excluding lifeline elongation

and free fall distance, until stopping. It is measured as the distance between the location of

an employee's body harness attachment point at the moment of activation, at the onset of

fall arrest forces, of the deceleration device during a fall, and the location of that attachment

point after the employee comes to a full stop.

(20) “Energized”, also known as “live”, means to be electrically charged, or that to which

voltage is being applied.

(21) Equivalent means alternative designs, equipment, materials, or methods that the

employer can demonstrate will provide an equal or greater degree of safety for employees

compared to the designs, equipment, materials, or methods specified in the standard.

(22) “Eye size” means a measurement expressed in millimeters and denoting the size of

the lens-holding section of an eye frame.

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2018 AACS.

R 408.13303. Definitions; F, G.

Rule 3303. (1) “Face shield” means a device worn in front of the eyes and a portion or all

of the face, whose predominant function is protection of the eyes and face.

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(2) “Filter lens” means a lens that attenuates specific wavelengths of ultraviolet, visible,

and infrared radiation according to the composition and density of the lens.

(3) “Filter plate” means a removable pane in the window of a helmet, hood, or goggle that

absorbs varying proportions of the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared rays according to the

composition and density of the plate.

(4) “Foot or toe protection” means a device or equipment, such as, but not limited to,

safety toe footwear, toe protectors, or foot guards, that protects an employee’s foot or toes

against injury.

(5) “Footwear” means apparel worn on the feet, such as shoes, boots, slippers, or

overshoes, excluding hosiery.

(6) “Frame” means a device which holds the lens or lenses on the wearer.

(7) “Free fall” means the act of falling before the personal fall arrest system begins to

apply force to arrest the fall.

(8) “Free fall distance” means the vertical displacement of the fall arrest attachment point

on the employee's body belt or body harness between onset of the fall and just before the

system begins to apply force to arrest the fall. This distance excludes deceleration distance,

lifeline and lanyard elongation, but includes any deceleration device slide distance or

self-retracting lifeline and or lanyard extension before the devices operate and fall arrest

forces occur.

(9) “Front” means the part of a spectacle or goggle frame that is intended to contain the

lens or lenses.

(10) “Goggle” means a device with contour-shaped eyecups or facial contact with glass

or plastic lenses, worn over the eyes and held in place by a headband or other suitable

means for the protection of the eyes and eye sockets.

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2018 AACS.

R 408.13304. Definitions; H, I.

Rule 3304. (1) “Hair enclosure” means a hat, cap, or hair net specifically designed to

protect the wearer from hair entanglement in moving machinery.

(2) “Handshield” means a hand-held welding helmet. See “welding helmet.”

(3) “Headband” means that part of a goggle, helmet, or hood suspension consisting of a

supporting band that encircles the head.

(4) “Headgear” means that part of a protective helmet, hood, or faceshield that supports

the device on the wearer’s head, usually consisting of a headband and crown strap.

(5) “Helmet” also called a hard hat or cap, means a device that is worn on the head that is

designed to provide limited protection against impact, flying particles, or electric shock.

(6) “Hood” means a device that is worn to provide protection against acids, chemicals,

abrasives, and temperature extremes and entirely encloses the whole head including face,

neck, and shoulders. Air-line hoods and hoods used to protect wearers from inhalation or

harmful atmospheres are not included in this part.

(7) “Isolated” means that all energized conductors or the exposed energized parts of

equipment are isolated from the work area by an insulated barrier. Conductors may be

isolated by moving them out of reaching distance by use of hot line tools.

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2016 AACS.

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R 408.13305. Definitions; L to R.

Rule 3305. (1) “Lanyard” means a flexible line of rope, wire rope, or strap that generally

has a connector at each end for connecting the body belt or body harness to a deceleration

device, lifeline, or anchorage.

(2) “Lens” means the transparent part of a protective device through which the wearer

sees, also referred to as a plate or window for some devices.

(3) “Lifeline” means a component of a personal fall protection system consisting of a

flexible line for connection to an anchorage at one end so as to hang vertically, vertical

lifeline, or for connection to anchorages at both ends so as to stretch horizontally,

horizontal lifeline, and serves as a means for connecting other components of the system

to the anchorage.

(4) “Lift-front” means a type of mounting frame for a welding helmet, hood, or goggles

which is made of 2 connected parts. The front part, which may be removed from the line

of vision, contains the high density filter plate with its cover plate, and the back part, which

is fixed to the helmet, contains a low density or clear impact-resistant plate.

(5) “Light” means an optical radiation weighted by its ability to cause visual sensations.

(6) “Manufacturer” means a business entity that marks or directs the permanent marking

of the components or complete devices as compliant with this standard, and sells them as

compliant.

(7) “Metatarsal guards” means guards that are designed to protect the top of the foot from

the toes to the ankle over the instep of the foot. These guards may be attached to the outside

of shoes.

(8) “Non-removable lens” means a lens and holder that are homogeneous and continuous.

(9) “Personal fall arrest system” means a system used to arrest an employee in a fall from

a walking-working surface. It consists of a body harness, anchorage, and connector. The

means of connection may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or a suitable

combination of these.

(10) “Personal fall protection system” means a system, including all components, an

employer uses to provide protection from falling or to safely arrest an employee’s fall if

one occurs. Examples of personal fall protection systems include personal fall arrest

systems, positioning systems, and travel restraint systems.

(11) “Plano lens” means a lens that does not incorporate a corrective prescription. This

lens is not necessarily flat.

(12) “Positioning system”, also known as work-positioning system, means a system of

equipment and connectors that, when used with a body harness or body belt, allows an

employee to be supported on an elevated vertical surface, such as a wall or window sill,

and work with both hands free. Positioning systems are also known as “positioning system

devices” and “work-positioning equipment.”

(13) “Prescription lens” means a lens manufactured to the wearer’s individual corrective

prescription.

(14) “Protective footwear” means footwear that is designed, constructed, and classified to

protect the wearer from a potential hazard or hazards.

(15) “Protective helmet,” “protective hat or cap,” or “safety hat or cap” means a rigid

device, often referred to as a safety cap or hat, that is worn to provide protection for the

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head or portions thereof against impact, flying particles, or electric shock, or any

combination thereof, and which is held in place by a suitable suspension.

(16) “Protector” means a device that provides eye or face protection against the hazards

of processes encountered in employment.

(17) “Qualified” means a person who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate,

or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training, and experience has

successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject

matter, the work, or the project.

(18) “Radiant energy or radiation” means the following kinds of radiant energy that are

pertinent to this standard:

(a) Ultraviolet.

(b) Visible light.

(c) Infrared.

(19) “Reaching distance” means the employee’s reach as extended by a conductive

material or equipment.

(20) “Rope grab” means a deceleration device that travels on a lifeline and automatically,

by friction, engages the lifeline and locks so as to arrest the fall of an employee. A rope

grab usually employs the principle of inertial locking, cam/lever locking, or both.

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2018 AACS.

R 408.13306. Definitions; S to W.

Rule 3306. (1) “Safety belt” means a device, usually worn around the waist that by reason

of its attachment to a lanyard and lifeline or a structure, will prevent a worker from falling.

(2) “Safety factor” means the ratio of the design load and the ultimate strength of the

material.

(3) “Safety harness” means a belt with a shoulder strap worn around the waist and

shoulder and capable of restraining a pull or fall of an employee.

(4) “Safety strap” means a restraining line secured at both ends to a safety belt or harness

to hold an employee to a fixed object.

(5) “Safety toe footwear” means footwear containing a safety toe box of steel or

equivalent material capable of meeting the requirements of this part.

(6) “Sanitizing” means an act or process of destroying organisms that may cause disease.

(7) “Self-retracting lifeline or lanyard” means a deceleration device containing a

drum-wound line that can be slowly extracted from, or retracted onto, the drum under slight

tension during normal movement by the employee. At the onset of a fall, the device

automatically locks the drum and arrests the fall.

(8) “Shield” means a device to be held in the hand, or supported without the aid of the

operator, whose predominant function is protection of the eyes and face.

(9) “Shell” means the portion of welding helmet or handshield that covers the wearer’s

face and is the part of a helmet which includes the outermost surface.

(10) “Side shield” means a part of, or attachment to, a spectacle that provides side

impact-resistance.

(11) “Snaphook” means a connector comprised of a hook-shaped body with a normally

closed gate, or similar arrangement that may be manually opened to permit the hook to

receive an object. When released, the snaphook automatically closes to retain the object.

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Opening a snaphook requires 2 separate actions. Snaphooks are generally either of the

following types:

(a) Automatic-locking type, which is permitted, with a self-closing and self-locking gate

that remains closed and locked until intentionally unlocked and opened for connection or

disconnection.

(b) Non-locking type, which is prohibited, with a self-closing gate that remains closed,

but not locked, until intentionally opened for connection or disconnection.

(12) “Snood” means a flexible attachment to the back of a hood or helmet for protection

against injury to the back of the head and neck.

(13) “Spectacles”, also known as safety glasses, means a protective device intended to

shield the wearer’s eyes from certain hazards, depending on the spectacle type; also means

a device patterned after conventional-type spectacle eyewear, but of more substantial

construction, with or without sideshields, and with plano or corrective impact-resistant

lenses of clear or absorptive filter glass or plastic.

(14) “Temple” means the part of a spectacle frame commonly attached to the front and

generally extending behind the ear of the wearer.

(15) “Toe guards” means the guards that fit over the toes of regular shoes to protect the

toes from impact and compression hazards. These guards may be attached to the outside of

shoes.

(16) “Travel restraint,” also known as a tether line, means a rope or wire rope used to

transfer forces from a body support to an anchorage or anchorage connector in a travel

restraint system.

(17) “Travel restraint system” means a combination of an anchorage, anchorage

connector, lanyard or other means of connection, and body support that an employer uses

to eliminate the possibility of an employee going over the edge of a walking-working

surface.

(18) “Welding goggle” means a goggle intended for limited welding applications.

(19) “Welding faceshield” means a faceshield intended for limited welding applications.

Faceshields shall be used only in conjunction with spectacles or goggles, or both.

(20) “Welding helmet” means a protective device intended to provide protection for the

eyes and face against optical radiation and weld spatter, which shall be worn only in

conjunction with spectacles or goggles.

(21) “Window” means the lens portion of a face shield. Lens is defined in R 408.13305(2).

(22) “Window cleaner’s belt” means a positioning belt that consists of a waist belt, an

integral terminal runner or strap, and belt terminals.

(23) “Window cleaner’s belt anchor”, also known as window anchor, means specifically

designed fall-preventing attachment points permanently affixed to a window frame or to a

building part immediately adjacent to the window frame, for direct attachment of the

terminal portion of a window cleaner’s belt.

(24) “Window cleaner's positioning system” means a system that consists of a window

cleaner's belt secured to window anchors.

(25) “Work-positioning system” means the same as “positioning system.”

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2018 AACS.

HAZARD ASSESSMENT

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R 408.13308. Personal protective hazard assessment and equipment selection.

Rule 3308. (1) An employer shall assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present,

or are likely to be present, that necessitate the use of personal protective equipment.

(2) If the hazards are present or are likely to be present then the employer shall do all of

the following:

(a) Select, and have each affected employee use, the types of personal protective

equipment that will protect the affected employee from the hazards identified in the hazard

assessment.

(b) Communicate selection decisions to each affected employee.

(c) Select the personal protective equipment that properly fits each affected employee.

(d) Select personal protective equipment that shall be designed and constructed to be safe

for the work to be performed.

Note: Non-mandatory Appendix B contains an example of procedures that complies with

the requirement for a hazard assessment.

(3) An employer shall verify that the required workplace hazard assessment has been

performed through a written certification which identifies all of the following information:

(a) The workplace evaluated.

(b) The person certifying that the evaluation has been performed.

(c) The date or dates of the personal protective hazard assessment.

(d) The document is a certification of hazard assessment.

History: 1995 AACS; 2014 AACS.

TRAINING

R 408.13309. Personal protective equipment training.

Rule 3309. (1) An employer shall provide training to each employee who is required by

these rules to use personal protective equipment. The training shall include all of the

following:

(a) When personal protective equipment is necessary.

(b) What personal protective equipment is necessary.

(c) How to properly don, doff, adjust, and wear the personal protective equipment.

(d) The limitations of the personal protective equipment.

(e) The proper care, maintenance, useful life, and disposal of the personal protective

equipment.

(2) Each affected employee shall demonstrate an understanding of the training specified

in subrule (1) of this rule and the ability to use the equipment properly before being allowed

to perform work requiring the use of personal protective equipment.

(3) When an employer has reason to believe that any affected employee who has already

been trained does not have the understanding and skill required by subrule (2) of this rule,

the employer shall retrain the employee. The occurrence of any of the following

circumstances requires retraining:

(a) Changes in the workplace that render previous training obsolete.

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(b) Changes in the types of personal protective equipment to be used that render previous

training obsolete.

(c) Inadequacies in an affected employee’s knowledge or use of assigned personal

protective equipment which indicate that the employee has not retained the requisite

understanding or skill.

History: 1995 AACS; 2014 AACS.

R 408.13310. Employer’s and employee’s responsibilities.

Rule 3310. (1) An employer shall not permit defective or damaged personal protective

equipment to be used.

(2) An employee shall use all of the personal protective equipment provided by the

employer.

History: 1983 AACS; 1989 AACS; 2014 AACS.

PAYMENT FOR PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

R 408.13310a. Payment for personal protective equipment (PPE).

Rule 3310a. (1) An employer shall provide at no cost to employees the personal protective

equipment necessary to protect against hazards that the employer is aware of as a result of

any required assessments.

(2) An employer shall pay for replacement PPE, as necessary, under either of the

following conditions:

(a) When the PPE no longer provides the protection it was designed to provide.

(b) When the previously provided PPE is no longer adequate or functional.

(3) When an employee has lost or intentionally damaged the PPE issued to him or her, an

employer is not required to pay for its replacement and may require the employee to pay

for its replacement.

(4) An employer is not required to pay for prescription safety eyewear with removable or

permanent sideshields if the employer provides safety eyewear that fits over an employee’s

prescription lenses.

(5) An employer is not required to pay for non-specialty prescription safety eyewear,

provided that the employer permits these items to be worn off the job-site.

(6) An employer is not required to pay for non-specialty safety-toe protective footwear,

including steel-toe shoes or steel-toe boots, provided that the employer permits these items

to be worn off the job-site.

(7) An employer shall provide, at no cost to employees, metatarsal guards attachable to

shoes when metatarsal protection is necessary if both the following apply:

(a) If metatarsal protection is necessary and an employer requires employees to use

metatarsal shoes instead of detachable guards, then the employer shall provide the

metatarsal shoe at no cost to the employee.

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(b) If an employer provides metatarsal guards and allows the employee, at his or her

request, to use shoes or boots with built-in metatarsal protection, then the employer is not

required to pay for the metatarsal shoes or boots.

(8) An employer is not required to pay for either of the following:

(a) Everyday clothing, including any of the following:

(i) Long-sleeve shirts.

(ii) Long pants.

(iii) Street shoes.

(iv) Normal work boots.

(v) Ordinary clothing.

(vi) Skin creams.

(b) Other items used solely for protection from weather, including any of the following:

(i) Winter coats.

(ii) Jackets.

(iii) Gloves.

(iv) Parkas.

(v) Rubber boots.

(vi) Hats.

(vii) Raincoats.

(viii) Ordinary sunglasses.

(ix) Sunscreen.

(9) An employer shall pay for protection when ordinary weather gear is not sufficient to

protect an employee and special equipment or extraordinary clothing is needed to protect

the employee from unusually severe weather conditions. Clothing used in artificially-

controlled environments with extreme hot or cold temperatures, such as freezers, is not

considered part of the weather gear exception.

(10) All of the following apply to upgraded and personalized PPE:

(a) An employer is not required to pay for PPE requested by an employee that exceeds

the PPE requirements, provided that the employer provides PPE that meets the standards

at no cost to the employee.

(b) If an employer allows an employee to acquire and use upgraded or personalized PPE,

then the employer is not required to reimburse the employee for the equipment, provided

that the employer has provided adequate PPE at no cost to the employee.

(c) An employer shall evaluate an employee’s upgraded or personalized PPE to ensure

that it complies with all of the following:

(i) Is adequate to protect from hazards present in the workplace.

(ii) Is properly maintained.

(iii) Is kept in a sanitary condition.

(11) If the provisions of another MIOSHA standard specify that the employer shall pay

for specific equipment, then the payment provisions of that standard prevails.

History: 2014 AACS.

EYE AND FACE PROTECTION

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R 408.13311. Eye and face protection; consensus standards.

Rule 3311. (1) All protective eye and face protection devices shall be in compliance with

any of the following consensus standards:

(a) ANSI/ISEA Z-87.1 “Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protection

Devices,” 2010 edition, as adopted in R 408.13301a.

(b) ANSI Z-87.1 “Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protection

Devices,” 2003 edition, as adopted in R 408.13301a.

(c) ANSI Z-87.1 “Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,”

1989 edition, revised 1998, as adopted in R 408.13301a.

(2) Protective eye and face protection devices that the employer demonstrates are at least

as effective as protective eye and face protection devices that are constructed in accordance

with 1 of the consensus standards adopted in subrule(1) of this rule are considered to be in

compliance with this rule.

History: 1983 AACS; 1995 AACS; 1997 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2018 AACS.

R 408.13312. Use of eye and face protection.

Rule 3312. (1) An employer shall ensure that each affected employee uses appropriate

eye or face protection, when exposed to eye or face hazards from any of the following:

(a) Flying objects or particles.

(b) Harmful contacts.

(c) Exposures.

(d) Molten metal.

(e) Liquid chemicals.

(f) Acids or caustic liquids.

(g) Chemical fumes, gases or vapors.

(h) Glare.

(i) Injurious radiation.

(j) Electrical flash.

(k) A combination of these hazards.

Note: Appendix B, Appendix Table 1, “Eye and Face Protector Selection Chart,” and

Appendix Figure 1, “Eye and Face Protective Devices Chart,” which shall be used as a

guide in the selection of the proper eye and face protection.

(2) An employer shall ensure that each affected employee uses eye protection that

provides side protection when there is a hazard from flying objects. Detachable side

protectors, such as clip-on or slide-on sideshields, that are in compliance with the pertinent

requirements of this rule are acceptable.

(3) A protector shall be in compliance with all of the following minimum requirements:

(a) Provides adequate protection against the particular hazards for which it is designed.

(b) Fits snugly and does not unduly interfere with movements of the wearer.

(c) Is capable of withstanding sanitizing.

(4) An employer shall ensure that eye and face personal protective equipment is distinctly

marked to facilitate identification of the manufacturer.

(5) Limitations or precautions indicated by the manufacturer shall be transmitted to the

user and care taken to ensure that the limitations or precautions are observed.

Page 12

History: 1983 AACS; 1995 AACS; 1997 AACS; 2014 AACS.

R 408.13312a. Filter lenses.

Rule 3312a. (1) An employer shall ensure that each affected employee uses equipment

that has filter lenses which have shade numbers appropriate for the work being performed

for protection from injurious light radiation.

(2) Table 1 is a listing of appropriate shade numbers for various operations.

(3) Table 1 reads as follows:

TABLE 1

FILTER LENSES FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIANT ENERGY

PLATE

THICKNESS

(INCHES)

PLATE

THICKNESS

(MM)

MINIMUM*

PROTECTIVE

SHADE

OPERATIONS

Gas Welding:

Light

Under 1/8

1/8 to 1/2

Over 1/2

Under 3.2

3.2 to 12.7

Over 12.7

4

5

6

Medium

Heavy

Oxygen Cutting

Light

Under 1

1 to 6

Over 6

Under 25

25 to 150

Over 150

3

4

5

Medium

Heavy

MINIMUM*

PROTECTIVE

ELECTRODE

SIZE 1/32 IN.

OPERATIONS

ARC CURRENT

SHADE

Less than 3

3 to 5

more than 5 to 8

more than 8

Less than 60

60 to 160

161 to 250

251 to 550

Less than 60

60 to 160

161 to 250

251 to 500

Less than 50

50 to 150

7

8

10

11

7

10

8

Shield metal

Arc welding

Gas

metal

arc

cored arc welding

welding

welding and flux

Gas tungsten arc

8

151 to 500

10

Air carbon

Arc cutting

(Light)

(Heavy)

Less than 500

500 to 1000

10

11

Less than 20

20 to 100

101 to 400

401 to 800

6

8

10

11

Plasma arc welding

Page 13

(Light)**

(Medium)**

(Heavy)**

Less than 300

300 to 400

401 to 800

8

9

10

3

Plasma arc cutting

Torch brazing

Torch soldering

Carbon arc welding

2

14

* As a rule of thumb, start with a shade that is too dark to see the weld zone. Then go to

a lighter shade that gives a sufficient view of the weld zone without going below the

minimum. In oxyfuel gas welding or cutting where the torch produces a high yellow

light, it is desirable to use a filter lens that absorbs the yellow or sodium line in the visible

light of the (spectrum) operation.

** These values apply where the actual arc is clearly seen. Experience has shown that

light filters may be used when the arc is hidden by the workpiece.

History: 2014 AACS.

R 408.13313 Maintenance and cleanliness of protectors.

Rule 3313. (1) A face or eye protector shall be kept clean and in good repair.

(2) Cleaning facilities for protectors shall be provided away from the hazard, but readily

accessible to the wearer.

(3) A slack, worn out, sweat-soaked, knotted, or twisted headband shall be replaced.

(4) A face or eye protector is a personal item and shall be for the individual and exclusive

use of the person to whom it is issued. If circumstances require reissue, the protector shall

be thoroughly cleaned, sanitized, and in good condition.

History: 1983 AACS.

WELDING HELMETS AND HAND SHIELDS

R 408.13320 Purposes, types, styles, and marking.

Rule 3320. (1) The devices described in R 408.13320 to R 408.13330 are designed to

provide protection for the face, eyes, ears, and neck against intense radiant energy and

spatter resulting from arc welding.

(2) A helmet and a hand shield are the only permissible types.

(3) A helmet and a hand shield shall be made with the same basic design and of the same

basic materials: an opaque, bowl-shaped or modified bowl-shaped device containing a

window with filter plate which allows the wearer to see the radiant object, yet prevents

harmful intensities or radiation from reaching his eyes. A helmet shall be supported on the

head by an adjustable headgear. A hand shield shall have a handle attached to the bottom

by which it is held in the hand. The basic designs may be modified to provide protection

against special hazards, but modified equipment shall meet the same requirements as the

basic design.

Page 14

(4) A helmet and a hand shield shall bear a permanent and legible marking by which the

manufacturer may be readily identified.

History: 1983 AACS.

R 408.13321 Rigid helmet bodies.

Rule 3321. A helmet body of a rigid helmet shall be of such size and shape as to protect

the face, forehead, ears, and neck to a vertical line back of the ears. It shall have 1 or more

openings in the front for filter plates or filter lenses. The helmet body shall be attached to

the headgear so that it will not come in contact with any part of the head and so that it can

be lifted up from in front of the face and hold its position in front of the head. The helmet

body shall be made of vulcanized fiber, reinforced plastic, or other suitable material which

shall be thermally insulating, noncombustible or slow-burning, opaque to visible,

ultraviolet, and infrared radiations, and capable of withstanding sanitizing. The inside of

the helmet body shall have a low-light reflecting finish. Rivets or other metal parts, if

terminating on the inside surface, shall be adequately separated from the wearer's head.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13322 Rigid helmet headgear or cradles.

Rule 3322. A rigid helmet shall have a headgear or cradle that shall hold the helmet body

comfortably and firmly on the wearer's head, but shall permit the helmet body to be tilted

back over the head. The headgear shall be readily adjustable for all head sizes from 6 1/2

to 7 5/8, without the use of tools. The headgear shall be made of materials which are

thermally insulating, noncombustible or slow-burning, resistant to heat, and capable of

withstanding sanitizing. Where required, the headgear shall be fitted with a removable and

replaceable sweatband covering at least the forehead portion of the headband. The

sweatband shall be made of leather or other suitable material which is slow-burning and

non-irritating.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13323 Rigid helmet headgear substitutes.

Rule 3323. A headgear for a rigid helmet may be replaced by an impact-resistant hat or

cap that meets the requirements of R 408.13370 and R 408.13378 of this part, or other

suitable device to which the helmet body is connected, if the helmet body may be lifted

and adjusted to permit unobstructed vision or lowered to furnish complete protection, as

required. The alternative device shall meet the requirements for sanitizing and resistance

to heat and, in addition, shall meet the applicable requirements of any additional functions,

such as protection against falling objects.

History: 1983 AACS.

Page 15

R 408.13324 Rigid helmet filter plates.

Rule 3324. (1) A filter plate on a rigid helmet shall fit into the frame and cover the

window.

(2) Both surfaces of a filter plate shall be well polished and shall be free from striae,

waves, or other defects that would impair the optical quality of the surfaces. Filter plate

surfaces shall be flat and substantially parallel.

(3) Table 2 of R 408.13312 shall be used to select the proper shade number of filter lenses

or plates during welding operations.

(4) When specified, a filter plate shall be impact-resistant, unless impact-resistant eye

protection is worn in conjunction with a welding helmet.

(5) A filter plate shall be marked with the shade designation and a permanent and legible

marking by which the manufacturer may be readily identified. In addition, a glass filter

plate, when treated for impact-resistance, shall be marked with the letter "H."

(6) A cover plate made of plain glass, of glass coated on 1 or on both sides with plastic,

or of a slow-burning solid plastic sheet shall be used to protect a filter plate from damage.

A cover plate shall be the same peripheral size and shape as the filter plate, and the

thickness of a cover plate shall not be less than 0.050 inches. A cover plate shall transmit

not less than 75% of the luminous radiation and shall be substantially free from optical

imperfections.

History: 1983 AACS; 1995 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13325 Non-rigid helmets.

Rule 3325. A helmet may be made of non-rigid materials where it is to be used in confined

spaces, or may be collapsible for convenience in carrying or storing. The helmet may be of

the same general shape as a rigid helmet, except that a more complete covering of the top

of the head is necessary in order to maintain the face, side, and windows in proper position.

The requirements for the filter plates, cover plates, and lens mounting frame are the same

as for a rigid helmet. A headgear may be used. The material shall be non-conducting and

opaque to ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiations. Stitched seams shall be welded.

Stitching shall not be exposed.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2018 AACS.

R 408.13327 Hand shield.

Rule 3327. A hand shield shall be constructed of materials similar to those used for a

helmet and in like manner. The materials, lens mounting arrangement, and filter and cover

plates shall conform to the requirements for the corresponding parts of the helmet body

with headgear. The handle shall be made of a material that is a non-conductor of electricity

and is noncombustible or slow-burning. It shall be of such size and shape as to be held

easily by 1 hand and shall be firmly attached to the lower portion of the shield. A hand

shield intended for use by other than a welding operator shall have filter and cover plates

suitable for the intended use.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

Page 16

R 408.13329 Helmet and hand shield lift fronts and chin rests.

Rule 3329. (1) The lift front of a helmet shall be fabricated from metal, plastic, or other

suitable material. A snap hinge shall be provided so that the front part will stay up or down

but will not remain in a partially opened position. The lift front seal against the helmet shall

be light tight. The lift front shall be designed to accommodate a clear impact-resisting plate

in the back or fixed part; a filter plate, impact-resisting, when specified; and a cover plate

in the front part. The back or fixed part plate shall be clear heat-treated glass or plastic not

more than 3/16 inch thick or less than 1/8 inch and capable of withstanding the impact test.

(2) To avoid contact of a helmet or hand shield with the face of the wearer, a chin rest or

adjustable position stop shall be provided. The chin rest and adjustable position stop shall

be constructed of suitable rigid material and shall be detachable from the shell of the hand

shield.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2018 AACS.

R 408.13330 Helmet snoods, neck protectors, and aprons.

Rule 3330. (1) A snood, or back-of-head-and-neck protector where required shall be of

material that is flame resistant, that is a good insulator of heat and electricity, and that is

capable of withstanding sanitizing. They shall be designed for easy attachment to the

helmet, helmet headgear, or cradle.

(2) An apron or bib, where required for a helmet, shall be of nonflammable,

nonconducting material that is flexible and capable of withstanding sanitizing.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13332 Effect of head protection standards.

Rule 3332. The characteristics and performance requirements of these rules for welding

helmets shall in no way be altered through their attachment to protective hats and caps, as

required by R 408.13370 to R 408.13378 of this part.

History: 1983 AACS.

FACE SHIELDS

R 408.13340 Purposes and uses.

Rule 3340. (1) The devices described in R 408.13340 to R 408.13347 of this part are

designed to provide protection to the front part of the head, including forehead, cheeks,

nose, mouth, and chin, and to the neck, where required, from flying particles and sprays of

hazardous liquids, and to provide filter protection where required. Such devices shall be

worn over suitable basic eye protection devices.

(2) Typical uses for face shields include, but are not limited to, the following situations:

Page 17

(a) Woodworking operations where chips and particles fly.

(b) Metal machining causing flying particles.

(c) Buffing, polishing, wire brushing, and grinding operations causing flying particles or

objects.

(d) Spot welding.

(e) Handling of hot or corrosive materials.

History: 1983 AACS.

R 408.13342 Types and materials.

Rule 3342. (1) Face shields are of 3 basic styles: headgear without crown protector;

headgear with crown protector; and headgear with crown protector and chin protector. Each

of these styles shall accommodate any of the following styles of windows:

(a) Clear transparent.

(b) Colored transparent.

(c) Wire screen.

(d) Combination of plastic and wire screen.

(e) Fiber window with filter plate mounting.

(2) Materials used in the manufacture of a face shield shall be non-irritating to the skin

when subjected to perspiration and shall be capable of withstanding frequent sanitizing.

Metals, when used, shall be resistant to corrosion. Plastic materials shall be slow-burning.

Clear or colored plastic materials used in windows shall be of an optical grade. Plastic

windows shall not be used in connection with welding operations unless they meet the

requirements of table 1 of this part.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13343 Components.

Rule 3343. A face shield shall consist of a detachable transparent plastic window, wire

screen window, or opaque frame with window; a tilting support, an adjustable headgear;

and, as required, a crown protector and chin protector.

History: 1983 AACS.

R 408.13344 Windows.

Rule 3344. (1) A window shall be designed to fit the contour of the window support.

(2) A window supporting or window holding member, which shall be a band or crown

protector, shall be attached to the headgear. The window support shall position the window

in front of the face to provide clearance for the nose and eyeglasses of the wearer.

(3) The attachment of the window to the window support shall be secure and shall permit

easy removal and replacement. The several sizes and types of windows for a face shield

shall be interchangeable for attachment to the window support.

(4) A plastic or wire screen window without frame shall be not less than 9 1/2 inches wide

at the top and 8 1/2 inches wide at the bottom, measured over its curved surfaces when

Page 18

attached and in position on the window support, and not less than 6 inches high. A window,

when used in a frame, shall not be less than 4 inches wide and 2 inches high, and the frame

shall conform to the dimensions specified for a window without a frame. A plastic window

shall be not less than 0.040 inch nominal thickness.

(5) The exposed borders of a wire screen window shall be suitably bound or otherwise

finished to eliminate sharp, rough, or unfinished edges. A wire screen window shall not be

less than 20-mesh screen.

(6) A window support shall be pivotally attached to the sides of the headgear to permit

easy tilting, either upward or downward, of the supporting member and of the window

attached thereto. The window shall be capable of being tilted sufficiently upward so that

the center of its bottom edge shall be out of the line of horizontal vision. The tension of the

tilting mechanism shall be sufficient to hold the window without slippage in either the up

or down position.

History: 1983 AACS; 2018 AACS.

R 408.13345 Headgear.

Rule 3345. (1) A headgear shall consist of at least a headband and a crown strap. The

headgear shall be made from materials having a low heat conductivity. The design shall

hold the window and window support comfortably and firmly in place on the wearer's head

and shall provide for tilting the window away from the face.

(2) A headgear shall be readily adjustable to head sizes from 6 1/2 to 7 5/8 without the

use of tools. The crown strap or band shall be attached to and extend between the front and

rear centers or from the middle sides of the headband. It shall form an arc over the head to

assist in positioning and holding the headgear in place. An adjusting device shall be

positive and hold firmly in place after being adjusted. Its mechanisms and movements shall

be protected so that the wearer's hair cannot catch in the device.

(3) For greater protection, a headgear may be replaced by an impact-resistant hat or cap

to which the window support is connected. The attachment may be either rigid or swiveled.

If swiveled, the design shall permit lifting and adjusting the window to permit unobstructed

vision or lowering to furnish protection.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13346 Crown and chin protectors.

Rule 3346. (1) A crown protector and chin protector shall be made of material having an

impact-resistance not less than that of the plastic window. When the crown protector is

used in conjunction with the chin protector for protection against sprays of hazardous

liquids, the assembly of the crown protector and window support and the assembly of the

chin protector and window shall not allow liquids to pass through any opening in the

assembly and reach the face, forehead, or chin of the wearer.

(2) A crown protector shall be shaped to cover at least the frontal portion of the head and

shall extend around each side at least to a vertical line at the front of the ears. It may be an

integral part of the window support or a separate assembly. The design shall provide a

comfortable clearance over the forehead and the head of the wearer.

Page 19

(3) A chin protector shall be shaped to cover at least the chin and upper part of the neck.

The design shall provide a comfortable clearance under the chin of the wearer.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13347 Marking; special operating conditions.

Rule 3347. (1) When a face shield is used in atmospheres or working areas requiring

special conditions of non-conductivity or non-sparking materials used shall meet these

requirements. A face shield shall be plainly and permanently labeled, identifying it as a

"non-conductive face shield" or " non-sparking face shield."

(2) A headgear and a plastic window shall bear a permanent and legible marking by which

the manufacturer may be readily identified. A window offered for protection against glare

shall also bear its shade designation.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

EYE PROTECTORS

R 408.13350 Prescription lenses.

Rule 3350. An employer shall assure that each affected employee who wears prescription

lenses while engaged in operations that involve eye hazards shall wear eye protection

which incorporates that prescription in its design or shall wear eye protection which can be

worn over the prescription lenses without disturbing the proper position for the prescription

lenses or the protective lenses.

History: 1983 AACS; 1995 AACS; 1997 AACS.

R 408.13352 Materials.

Rule 3352. Materials used in the manufacturing of eye protectors shall combine

mechanical strength and lightness of weight to a high degree, shall be non-irritating to the

skin when subjected to perspiration, and shall withstand frequent sanitizing. Metals, where

used, shall be corrosion resistant. Plastic materials, when used, shall be noncombustible or

slow-burning. Cellulose nitrate, or materials having flammability characteristics

approximating those of cellulose nitrate, shall not be used.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13353 Lenses.

Rule 3353. (1) Lenses intended for use in eye protectors are of 4 basic types, as follows:

(a) Clear lenses which are impact-resisting and provide protection against flying objects.

(b) Absorptive lenses of shades 1.7 through 3.0 which are impact-resisting and provide

protection against flying objects and glare or which are impact-resisting and provide

Page 20

protection against flying objects, and narrow-band spectral transmittance of injurious

radiation.

(c) Protective-corrective lenses which are impact-resisting and either clear or absorptive,

as specified for persons requiring visual correction.

(d) Filter lenses which are impact-resisting and provide protection against flying objects

and narrow-band spectral transmittance of injurious radiation.

(2) Glass filter lenses intended for use in eyecup goggles shall be heat treated.

(3) The height of the safety lens shall not be less than 30 millimeters.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13355 Eyecup goggles; components.

Rule 3355. Eyecup goggles shall consist of 2 eyecups with lenses and lens retainers,

connected by an adjustable bridge, and a replaceable and adjustable headband or other

means for retaining the eyecups comfortably in front of the eyes. Recommended

applications for the use of eyecup goggles are shown in Appendix B Table 1.

History: 1983 AACS; 2018 AACS.

R 408.13356 Eyecup goggles; types and models.

Rule 3356. (1) Eyecup goggles shall be of 2 types as follows:

(a) Cup-type goggles designed to be worn by individuals who do not wear corrective

spectacles.

(b) Cover cup-type goggles designed to fit over corrective spectacles.

(2) The 2 types of eyecup goggles are subdivided into the following classes:

(a) Chipper's models providing impact protection against flying objects.

(b) Dust and splash models providing protection against fine dust particles or liquid

splashes and impact.

(c) Welder's and cutter's models providing protection against glare, injurious radiations,

and impact.

(3) The basic designs may be modified to provide more protection against special hazards,

but the modified equipment shall meet the same requirements as the basic design.

History: 1983 AACS.

R 408.13357 Eyecup goggles; fit.

Rule 3357. (1) The edge of the eyecup of eyecup goggles which bears against the face

shall have a smooth surface free from roughness or irregularities which might exert undue

pressure or cause discomfort to the wearer. The eyecups shall be of such shape and size as

to protect the entire eye sockets.

(2) Cover cup-type goggles shall provide ample clearance and not interfere with the

spectacles of the wearer. The edge of the goggles which bears against the face shall have a

smooth surface free from roughness or irregularities which might exert undue pressure or

cause discomfort to the wearer.

Page 21

History: 1983 AACS.

R 408.13359 Eyecup ventilation.

Rule 3359. (1) Eyecups of chipper's models shall be ventilated in a manner to permit

circulation of air.

(2) Eyecups of dust and splash models shall be ventilated in a manner to permit circulation

of air. The ventilation openings shall be baffled or screened to prevent direct passage of

dust or liquids into the interior of the eyecups.

(3) Eyecups of welder's and cutter's models shall be ventilated in a manner to permit

circulation of air and shall be opaque. The ventilation openings shall be baffled to prevent

passage of light rays into the interior of the eyecup.

History: 1983 AACS.

R 408.13360 Eyecup lenses and retaining rings.

Rule 3360. (1) An eyecup shall be provided with a rigidly constructed lens retaining ring

of metal or of plastic designed to accommodate lenses and to permit their ready removal

and replacement without damage to the eyecup or to the lenses and without the use of tools.

The ring shall provide a complete clamping action against the lens. Lens retainers for

welder's and cutter's models shall accommodate a filter lens, fiber gasket, and cover lens.

(2) A filter lens shall be marked with the shade designation and a permanent and legible

marking by which the manufacturer may be readily identified. A glass filter lens, when

treated for impact-resistance, shall also be marked with the letter "H."

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13362 Flexible and cushioned fitting goggles; construction.

Rule 3362. Flexible and cushioned fitting goggles shall consist of a wholly flexible frame,

forming a lens holder or with a separable lens holder or a rigid frame with integral lens or

lenses, having a separate cushioned fitting surface on the full periphery of the facial contact

area. Materials used shall be chemical-resistant, nontoxic, non-irritating, and slow-burning.

There shall be a positive means of support on the face, such as an adjustable headband of

suitable material or other suitable means of support to retain the frame comfortably and

snugly in place in front of the eyes. A frame which is a lens holder or has a separable lens

holder shall hold the lenses firmly and tightly and be removable or replaceable without the

use of tools. The goggles may be ventilated or not, as required by their intended use. Where

chemical goggles are ventilated, the openings shall be such as to render the goggles

splashproof.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13363 Flexible and cushioned fitting goggles; protection.

Page 22

Rule 3363. (1) Chipper's models of flexible and cushioned fitting goggles shall provide

protection against impact.

(2) Dust and splash models shall provide protection from fine dusts, fumes, liquids,

splashes, mists, and spray, alone or with reflected light or glare, wind, and impact.

(3) Gas welder's and cutter's models shall provide protection against glare, injurious

radiations, and impact.

History: 1983 AACS.

R 408.13364 Flexible and cushioned fitting goggles; marking.

Rule 3364. (1) The frame of flexible and cushioned fitting goggles shall bear a trademark

or name identifying the manufacturer.

(2) Each separate lens shall be distinctly marked in a manner by which the manufacturer

may be identified.

(3) A heat-treated glass filter plate or lens shall also be marked with the shade designation

and the letter "H."

(4) The marking shall be clear cut and permanent and so placed as not to interfere with the

vision of the wearer.

History: 1983 AACS.

R 408.13366 Foundrymen's goggles; construction.

Rule 3366. A foundryman's goggles shall consist of a mask made of a flexible,

non-irritating, and noncombustible or slow-burning material, such as a leather or flexible

plastic, suitable lens holders attached thereto, lenses, and a positive means of support on

the face, such as an adjustable headband, to retain the mask comfortably and snugly in

place in front of the eyes. The edge of the mask on contact with the face shall be provided

with a binding of corduroy or other suitable material. The lens holders shall hold the lenses

firmly and tightly and may be readily removable or replaceable. The lens holders shall be

ventilated to permit circulation of air.

History: 1983 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13367 Foundrymen's goggles; protection.

Rule 3367. (1) A foundryman's goggles shall provide protection against impact and

hot-metal splash hazards encountered in foundry operations such as melting, pouring,

chipping, babbitting, grinding, and riveting. Where required, the foundryman’s goggles

shall also provide protection against dusts.

(2) Applications for use of foundrymen's goggles are shown in R 408.13312a Table 1.

(3) Materials shall resist flame, corrosion, water, and sanitizing.

History: 1983 AACS; 2018 AACS.

Page 23

SPECTACLES

R 408.13369. Spectacles.

Rule 3369. (1) Spectacles, also known as safety glasses, of metal, plastic, or a combination

thereof, shall consist of lenses in a frame that supports the lenses around their entire

periphery of suitable size and shape for the purpose intended connected by a nose bridge,

and retained on the face by temples or other suitable means.

(2) The spectacles, also known as safety glasses, shall be furnished with or without

sideshields depending upon their intended use.

(3) The frames, temples, and sideshields may be metal or plastic, and when made of

plastic, shall be of the slow-burning type.

(4) Spectacles, also known as safety glasses, shall provide protection to the eye from

flying objects, and, when required, from glare and injurious radiations.

(5) Spectacles, also known as safety glasses, without sideshields are intended to provide

frontal protection.

(6) Where side as well as frontal protection is required, the spectacles, also known as

safety glasses, shall be provided with sideshields.

Note: Appendix B, Appendix Table 1 “Eye and Face Protector Selection Chart,” and

Appendix Figure 1, “Eye and Face Protective Devices Chart,” shall be used as a guide in

the selection of the proper eye and face protection.

(7) Frames shall be designed for industrial exposure and shall bear a trademark identifying

the manufacturer on both fronts and temples. The frame front shall carry a designation of

the eye size and bridge size, where applicable. Temples shall be marked as to the overall

length or fitting value.

(8) Temples may be of the cable or spatula type, as specified, and shall be of such design

as to permit adjustment and fit comfortably and securely on the wearer. The size of the

temples shall be clearly marked.

(9) Safety lens in frames which do not comply with this part shall not be worn.

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS.

HEAD PROTECTION EQUIPMENT

R 408.13370. Use of head protection.

Rule 3370. (1) An employer shall ensure that each affected employee is provided with,

and wears, head protection equipment and accessories when the employee is required to be

present in areas where a hazard exists from any of the following:

(a) Falling or flying objects.

(b) Other harmful contacts or exposures.

(c) Where there is a risk of injury from any of the following:

(i) Electric shock.

(ii) Hair entanglement.

(iii) Chemicals.

(iv) Temperature extremes.

Page 24

(2) Service facilities shall be provided for the sanitizing and replacement of needed parts

when necessary and before head protection equipment is re-issued.

(3) Head protection equipment that has been physically altered or damaged shall not be

worn or reissued to an employee.

(4) An employee shall not physically alter, and shall guard against damage to, the head

protection equipment provided.

(5) An employee shall use the provided head protection equipment in accordance with the

instructions and training received.

History: 1983 AACS; 1995 AACS; 1997 AACS; 2014 AACS.

Editor's Note: An obvious error in R 408.13370 was corrected at the request of the promulgating agency,

pursuant to Section 56 of 1969 PA 306, as amended by 2000 PA 262, MCL 24.256. The rule containing the

error was published in Michigan Register, 2014 MR 7. The memorandum requesting the correction was

published in Michigan Register, 2014 MR 13.

R 408.13372. Criteria for head protection.

Rule 3372. (1) An employer shall provide each employee with head protection that meets

the specifications contained in any of the following consensus standards:

(a) ANSI Z-89.1 "American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection," 2009

edition, as adopted in R 408.13301a.

(b) ANSI Z-89.1, "American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection,” 2003

edition, as adopted in R 408.13301a.

(c) ANSI Z-89.1 "American National Standard for Personnel Protection—Protective

Headwear for Industrial Workers--Requirements," 1997 edition, as adopted in

R 408.13301a.

(2) Any head protection device that the employer demonstrates is at least as effective as

a head protection device constructed in accordance with 1 of the consensus standards

adopted in subrule (1) of this rule is considered to be in compliance with this rule.

History: 1983 AACS; 1995 AACS; 1997 AACS; 2014 AACS.

R 408.13375. Protective helmets.

Rule 3375. (1) Protective helmets shall be described by impact type and electrical class.

All protective helmets shall meet either Type I or Type II requirements. All helmets shall

be further classified as meeting Class G, Class E, or Class C electrical requirements.

Helmets shall be classified as follows:

(a) Impact type protective helmets shall be either of the following:

(i) Type I helmets intended to reduce the force of impact resulting from a blow only to

the top of the head.

(ii) Type II helmets intended to reduce the force of impact resulting from a blow to the

top or sides of the head.

(b) Electrical classes for protective helmets shall be 1 of the following:

(i) Class G, general protective helmets are intended to reduce the danger of contact with

low voltage conductors. Test samples shall be proof-tested at 2200 volts (phase to ground).

Page 25

This voltage is not intended as an indication of the voltage at which the helmets protects

the wearer.

(ii) Class E, electrical protective helmets are intended to reduce the danger of contact with

higher voltage conductors. Test samples shall be proof-tested at 20,000 volts (phase to

ground). This voltage is not intended as an indication of the voltage at which the helmet

protects the wearer.

(iii) Class C, conductive protective helmets are not intended to provide protection against

contact with electrical hazards.

(2) A metallic head device shall not be furnished by an employer or used by an employee

for head protection, except where it has been determined that the use of other types of

protective helmets or safety hats or caps is impractical, such as where chemical reaction

will cause the deterioration of other types of head protection.

(3) A protective helmet furnished by an employer shall be identified on the inside of the

shell with the name of the manufacturer.

(4) When used in conjunction with protective helmets, faceshields, welding helmets, and

goggles shall be in compliance with the requirements in these rules, and hearing protection

shall be in compliance with Occupational Health Standard Part 380 “Occupational Noise

Exposure,” as referenced in R 408.13301a.

(5) Winter liners and chin straps used in conjunction with class E helmets for high-voltage

protection shall not contain any metallic parts or other conductive materials.

(6) Winter liners and chin straps used in areas where there is a danger of ignition from

heat, flame, or chemical reaction shall be made of materials that are non-burning or flame

retardant.

(7) Bump hats or caps or other limited-protection devices shall not be used as a substitute

for protective helmets for the hazards described in R 408.13370.

(8) An employer shall ensure that protective helmets designed to reduce electrical shock

hazard shall be worn by each affected employee who is near exposed electrical conductors

that could come in contact with the employee’s head.

History: 1983 AACS; 1995 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13376. Hoods.

Rule 3376. (1) A hood shall be made of materials that combine all of the following:

(a) Have mechanical strength and lightness of weight to a high degree.

(b) Be non-irritating to the skin when subjected to perspiration.

(c) Be capable of withstanding frequent cleaning and disinfection.

(2) Materials used in the manufacture of hoods shall also be suitable to withstand the

hazards to which the user may be exposed.

(3) A hood shall bear a permanent and legible marking by which the manufacturer may

be readily identified.

(4) A hood shall be designed to provide adequate ventilation for the wearer.

(5) A protective helmet shall be used in conjunction with a hood where there is a head

injury hazard and the hood shall be designed to accommodate such helmet.

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS.

Page 26

R 408.13378. Hair enclosures; face and head.

Rule 3378. (1) A hat, cap, or net shall be worn by a person where there is a danger of hair

entanglement in moving machinery or equipment, or where there is exposure to means of

ignition.

(2) Hair enclosures include all of the following:

(a) Be designed to be reasonably comfortable to the wearer.

(b) Completely enclose all loose hair.

(c) Be adjustable to accommodate all head sizes.

(3) Be material used for hair enclosures of all of the following:

(a) Fast dyed.

(b) Non-irritating to the skin when subjected to perspiration.

(c) Capable of withstanding frequent cleaning.

(4) Hair enclosures shall not be reissued from 1 employee to another unless it has been

thoroughly sanitized.

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS.

FOOT AND TOE PROTECTION

R 408.13383. Criteria for protective footwear.

Rule 3383. (1) Protective footwear shall comply with any of the following consensus

standards:

(a) ASTM F-2412 “Standard Test Methods for Foot Protection,” 2005 edition, as adopted

in R 408.13301a.

(b) ASTM F-2413 “Standard Specification for Performance Requirements for Protective

Footwear,” 2005 edition, as adopted in R 408.13301a.

(c) ANSI Z-41 "American National Standard for Personal Protection -- Protective

Footwear," 1999 edition, as adopted in R 408.13301a.

(2) Protective footwear that an employer demonstrates is at least as effective as protective

footwear that is constructed in accordance with 1 of the consensus standards adopted in

subrule (1) of this rule, shall be considered to be in compliance with the requirements of

this rule.

History: 1983 AACS; 1995 AACS; 1997 AACS; 2014 AACS.

Editor's Note: An obvious error in R 408.13383 was corrected at the request of the promulgating agency,

pursuant to Section 56 of 1969 PA 306, as amended by 2000 PA 262, MCL 24.256. The rule containing the

error was published in Michigan Register, 2014 MR 7. The memorandum requesting the correction was

published in Michigan Register, 2014 MR 13.

R 408.13384 Toe protection.

Rule 3384. Where toe protection other than safety toe footwear is worn, the toe protection

shall have an impact value of not less than that required for the safety toe footwear.

Page 27

History: 1983 AACS.

R 408.13385. Use of foot protection.

Rule 3385. (1) An employer shall ensure that each affected employee shall wear

protective footwear when working in areas where any of the following occur:

(a) When the use of protective footwear will protect the affected employee from an

electrical hazard, such as a static-discharge or electric-shock hazard, that remains after the

employer takes other necessary protective measures.

(b) There is a danger of foot injuries due to falling or rolling objects.

(c) There is a danger of objects piercing the sole of the shoe.

(2) An employer shall ensure that safety shoes and boots that are not worn over shoes and

that are worn by more than 1 employee are maintained, cleaned, and sanitized inside and

out before being issued to another employee.

History: 1983 AACS; 1995 AACS; 1997 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2015 AACS.

R 408.13386. Foot protection; requirements.

Rule 3386. If a hazard is created from a process, environment, chemical, or mechanical

irritant which could cause an injury or impairment to the feet by absorption or physical

contact, other than from impact, then the employer shall provide any of the following to

the employee:

(a) Boots.

(b) Overshoes.

(c) Rubbers.

(d) Wooden-soled shoes.

(e) The equivalent to subdivisions (a) to (d) of this subrule.

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS.

ELECTRICAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

R 408.13387 Design requirements for specific types of electrical protective equipment.

Rule 3387. (1) Rubber insulating blankets, rubber insulating matting, rubber insulating

covers, rubber insulating line hose, rubber insulating gloves, and rubber insulating sleeves

shall meet the following requirements:

(a) Blankets, gloves, and sleeves shall be produced by a seamless process.

(b) Each item shall be clearly marked as follows:

(i) Class 00 equipment shall be marked class 00.

(ii) Class 0 equipment shall be marked class 0.

(iii) Class 1 equipment shall be marked class 1.

(iv) Class 2 equipment shall be marked class 2.

(v) Class 3 equipment shall be marked class 3.

(vi) Class 4 equipment shall be marked class 4.

Page 28

(vii) Non-ozone-resistant equipment shall be marked type I.

(viii) Ozone-resistant equipment shall be marked type II.

(ix) Other relevant markings, such as the manufacturer’s identification and the size of the

equipment, may also be provided.

(c) Markings shall be non-conducting and shall be applied in such a manner as not to

impair the insulating qualities of the equipment.

(d) Markings on gloves shall be confined to the cuff portion of the glove.

(2) Electrical requirements shall be all of the following:

(a) Equipment shall be capable of withstanding the alternating current proof-test voltage

specified in Table A or the direct current proof-test voltage specified in Table B. All of the

following apply:

(i) The proof test shall reliably indicate that the equipment can withstand the voltage

involved.

(ii) The test voltage shall be applied continuously for 3 minutes for equipment other than

matting and shall be applied continuously for 1 minute for matting.

(iii) Gloves shall be capable of separately withstanding the alternating current proof-test

voltage specified in Table A after a 16-hour water soak.

(b) When the alternating current proof test is used on gloves, the 60-hertz proof-test

current shall not exceed the values specified in Table A at any time during the test period.

All of the following apply:

(i) If the alternating current proof test is made at a frequency other than 60 hertz, the

permissible proof-test current shall be computed from the direct ratio of the frequencies.

(ii) For the test, gloves(right side out) shall be filled with tap water and immersed in water

to a depth that is in accordance with Table C. Water shall be added to or removed from the

glove, as necessary, so that the water level is the same inside and outside the glove.

(iii) After the 16-hour water soak specified in this subrule, the 60-hertz proof-test current

shall not exceed the values given in Table A by more than 2 milliamperes.

(c) Equipment that has been subjected to a minimum breakdown voltage test shall not be

used for electrical protection. See subrule (3) of this rule.

(d) Material used for Type II insulating equipment shall be capable of withstanding an

ozone test, with no visible effects. The ozone test shall reliably indicate that the material

will resist ozone exposure in actual use. Any visible signs of ozone deterioration of the

material, such as checking, cracking, breaks, or pitting, is evidence of failure to meet the

requirements for ozone-resistant material. See subrule (3) of this rule.

(3) Workmanship and finish shall comply with both of the following:

(a) Equipment shall be free of physical irregularities that can adversely affect the

insulating properties of the equipment and that can be detected by the tests or inspections

required by these rules.

(b) Surface irregularities that may be present on all rubber goods, because of

imperfections on forms or molds or because of inherent difficulties in the manufacturing

process, and that may appear as indentations, protuberances, or imbedded foreign material

are acceptable under the following conditions:

(i) The indentation or protuberance blends into a smooth slope when the material is

stretched.

(ii) Foreign material remains in place when the insulating material is folded and stretches

with the insulating material surrounding it.

Page 29

(4) Rubber insulating equipment meeting the national consensus standards in Table 4 is

considered to be in compliance with the performance requirements of these rules.

TABLE 2

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF TESTING MATERIALS STANDARDS

ASTM

STANDARD TITLE

EDITION

2009

SUPPLEMENT

NUMBER

D-120

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Gloves

-

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Matting

D-178

2001

2010

-

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Blankets

D-1048

D-1049

D-1050

D-1051

2012

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Covers

1998

2010

2011

-

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Line Hose

2005

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Sleeves

2008

These standards contain specifications for conducting the various tests required in these rules.

For example, the alternating current and direct current proof tests, the breakdown test, the

water-soak procedure, and the ozone test described in this rule are described in detail in these

ASTM standards.

ASTM F-1236 “Standard Guide for Visual Inspection of Electrical Protective Rubber Products,”

1996 Edition with 2012 supplement, as adopted in R 408.13301a, presents methods and

techniques for the visual inspection of electrical protective equipment made of rubber. This

guide also contains descriptions and photographs of irregularities that can be found in this

equipment

ASTM F-819 “Standard Terminology Relating to Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers,”

2010 edition, as adopted in R 408.13301a, includes definitions of terms relating to the electrical

protective equipment covered in these rules.

History: 1983 AACS; 1995 AACS; 1997 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2015 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2018 AACS.

R 408.13387a. Electrical protective equipment.

Rule 3387a. (1) Material other than rubber that offers protection equivalent to or greater

than rubber may be used if the material is certified to meet the appropriate ASTM standard

tests.

Page 30

(2) An insulated blanket, glove, or sleeve shall be capable of withstanding the voltage to

which it may be subjected.

(3) Exposed conductors or equipment, or both, except for conductors or equipment being

directly worked on, that is energized from 750 volts to 28,000 volts phase to ground and

that an employee may reach into or touch shall be isolated or covered with at least 1 of the

following:

(a) An insulating blanket.

(b) An insulating hood.

(c) An insulating line hose.

(d) An insulating barrier.

(4) An employee shall use insulating gloves and sleeves capable of withstanding the

imposed voltage when performing any of the following activities:

(a) Working directly on, or within reaching distance of, a conductor or equipment at a

nominal 750 volts or more phase to ground, except when using barehanded techniques or

a hot stick. Sleeves are not required for an employee who performs routine switching

operations in a substation or powerhouse. An employee who uses gloves and sleeves and

works directly on or within reaching distance of a conductor or equipment energized at

more than 5,000 volts phase to ground shall do so from an insulated platform or board or

an aerial device that has an insulated basket.

(b) Connecting or disconnecting primary neutrals, pole ground wires, or other conductors

normally connected to static wires or energized equipment, except that gloves and sleeves

shall not be worn while connecting and disconnecting a service neutral or secondary

neutral.

(c) Working on a de-energized conductor that extends into an area in which contact may

be made with an energized conductor or exposed parts of energized equipment, unless the

conductor is grounded or isolated. Insulating sleeves are optional at voltages of less than

750 volts phase to ground.

(5) An employee shall use insulating gloves capable of withstanding the imposed voltage

when performing either of the following activities:

(a) When working with a powered or manual hole digger while using booms or using

winch lines to install or remove poles or equipment where the hole digger may contact

conductors or equipment energized at a voltage of 300 volts or more phase to ground. An

employee shall not use the gloves while in the enclosed cab of the equipment.

(b) When working directly on a conductor or equipment energized at a voltage of more

than 240 volts phase to ground. This does not include the use of test equipment.

History: 2014 AACS; 2015 AACS.

R 408.13388 Design requirements for other types of electrical protective equipment.

Rule 3388. (1) The following requirements apply to the design and manufacture of

electrical protective equipment that is not covered by R 408.40650:

(2) Insulating equipment used for the protection of employees shall be capable of

withstanding, without failure, the voltages that may be imposed upon it.

Note 1 to subrule (2): These voltages include transient over-voltages, such as switching

surges, as well as nominal line voltage. See General Industry Safety Standard Part 86

“Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution,” Appendix B, as referenced

Page 31

in R 408.13301a, for a discussion of transient over-voltages on electric power transmission

and distribution systems.

Note 2 to subrule (2): See IEEE 516 “Guide for Maintenance Methods on Energized

Power Lines,” 2009 edition, as adopted in R 408.13301a, for methods of determining the

magnitude of transient over-voltages on an electrical system and for a discussion

comparing the ability of insulation equipment to withstand a transient overvoltage based

on its ability to withstand alternating current voltage testing.

(3) Equipment current shall comply with both of the following:

(a) Protective equipment used for the primary insulation of employees from energized

circuit parts shall be capable of passing a current test when subjected to the highest nominal

voltage on which the equipment is to be used.

(b) When insulating equipment is tested pursuant to these rules, the equipment current

may not exceed 1 microampere per kilovolt of phase-to-phase applied voltage.

Note 1 to subrule (3): This rule shall apply to equipment that provides primary insulation

of employees from energized parts. It does not apply to equipment used for secondary

insulation or equipment used for brush contact only.

Note 2 to subrule (3): For alternating current excitation, this current consists of the

following three components:

(a) Capacitive current because of the dielectric properties of the insulating material itself.

(b) Conduction current through the volume of the insulating equipment.

(c) Leakage current along the surface of the tool or equipment.

The conduction current shall be normally negligible. For clean, dry insulating equipment,

the leakage current shall be small, and the capacitive current shall predominate.

Note 3 to subrule (3): Plastic guard equipment is considered to conform to the

performance requirements of this rule, if it meets, and is used in accordance with ASTM

F-712 “Standard Test Methods and Specifications for Electrically Insulating Plastic Guard

Equipment for Protection of Workers,” 2006 edition with 2011 supplement, as adopted in

R 408.13301a.

History: 2015 AACS.

R 408.13389 In-service care and use of electrical protective equipment.

Rule 3389. (1) Electrical protective equipment shall be maintained in a safe, reliable

condition.

(2) The following specific requirements apply to rubber insulating blankets, rubber

insulating covers, rubber insulating line hose, rubber insulating gloves, and rubber

insulating sleeves.

(3) Maximum use voltages shall conform to those listed in Table D.

(4) An employer shall ensure that insulating equipment is inspected for damage before

each day’s use and immediately following any incident that can reasonably be suspected

of causing damage. Insulating gloves shall be given an air test, along with the inspection.

Note to subrule (4): ASTM F-1236 “Standard Guide for Visual Inspection of Electrical

Protective Rubber Products,” 1996 Edition with 2012 supplement, as adopted in

R 408.13301a, presents methods and techniques for the visual inspection of electrical

protective equipment made of rubber. This guide also contains descriptions and

photographs of irregularities that can be found in this equipment.

Page 32

(5) Insulating equipment with any of the following defects shall not be used.

(a) A hole, tear, puncture, or cut.

(b) Ozone cutting or ozone checking, that is, a series of interlacing cracks produced by

ozone on rubber under mechanical stress.

(c) An embedded foreign object.

(d) Any of the following texture changes:

(i) Swelling.

(ii) Softening.

(iii) Hardening.

(iv) Becoming sticky or inelastic.

(v) Any other defect that damages the insulating properties.

(6) An employer shall ensure that insulating equipment found to have other defects that

might affect its insulating properties is removed from service and returned for testing under

subrules (10) and (11) of this rule.

(7) An employer shall ensure that insulating equipment is cleaned as needed to remove

foreign substances.

(8) Insulating equipment shall be stored in a location and in a manner as to protect it from

all of the following:

(a) Light.

(b) Temperature extremes.

(c) Excessive humidity.

(d) Ozone.

(e) Other damaging substances and conditions.

(9) Protector gloves shall be worn over insulating gloves, except under the following

conditions:

(a) Protector gloves need not be used with class 0 gloves, under limited-use conditions,

when small equipment and parts manipulation necessitate unusually high finger dexterity.

Note to subrule (9)(a): Persons inspecting rubber insulating gloves used under these

conditions shall take extra care in visually examining them. Employees using rubber

insulating gloves under these conditions shall take extra care to avoid handling sharp

objects.

(b) If the voltage does not exceed 250 volts, ac, or 375 volts, direct current, protector

gloves shall not be used with class 00 gloves, under limited-use conditions, when small

equipment and parts manipulation necessitate unusually high finger dexterity.

Note to subrule (9)(b): Persons inspecting rubber insulating gloves used under these

conditions shall take extra care in visually examining them. Employees using rubber

insulating gloves under these conditions shall take extra care to avoid handling sharp

objects.

(c) Any other class of glove may be used without protector gloves, under limited-use

conditions, when small equipment and parts manipulation necessitate unusually high finger

dexterity but only if the employer can demonstrate that the possibility of physical damage

to the gloves is small and if the class of glove is 1 class higher than that required for the

voltage involved.

(d) Insulating gloves that have been used without protector gloves may not be reused until

they have been tested under the provisions of this rule.

Page 33

(10) Electrical protective equipment shall be subjected to periodic electrical tests. Test

voltages and the maximum intervals between tests shall be pursuant to Table D and Table

E.

(11) The test method used in this rule shall reliably indicate whether the insulating

equipment can withstand the voltages involved.

Note to subrule (11): The standard electrical test methods considered as meeting this

requirement are listed in Table 3.

(12) Insulating equipment failing to pass inspections or electrical tests shall not be used

by employees, except as follows:

(a) Rubber insulating line hose may be used in shorter lengths with the defective portion

cut off.

(b) Rubber insulating blankets may be salvaged by severing the defective area from the

undamaged portion of the blanket. The resulting undamaged area shall not be smaller than

560 millimeters by 560 millimeters (22 inches by 22 inches) for class 1, 2, 3, and 4 blankets.

(c) Rubber insulating blankets shall be repaired using a compatible patch that results in

physical and electrical properties equal to those of the blanket.

(d) Rubber insulating gloves and sleeves with minor physical defects, such as small cuts,

tears, or punctures, shall be repaired by the application of a compatible patch. Also, rubber

insulating gloves and sleeves with minor surface blemishes shall be repaired with a

compatible liquid compound. The repaired area shall have electrical and physical

properties equal to those of the surrounding material. Repairs to gloves shall be permitted

only in the area between the wrist and the reinforced edge of the opening.

(13) An employer shall ensure that repaired insulating equipment is retested before it is

used by employees.

(14) The employer shall certify that equipment has been tested pursuant to the

requirements of this rule. The certification shall identify the equipment that passed the test

and the date it was tested and shall be made available upon request to the department of

licensing and regulatory affairs director and to MIOSHA employees or their authorized

representatives.

Note to subrule (14): Marking equipment with, and entering onto logs, the results of the

tests and the dates of testing are acceptable means of meeting the certification requirement.

TABLE 3

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF TESTING MATERIALS STANDARDS

ASTM

NUMBER

STANDARD TITLE

EDITION

2009

SUPPLEMENT

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Gloves

D-120

-

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Matting

D-178

2001

2010

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Blankets

D-1048

2012

Page 34

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Covers

D-1049

D-1050

D-1051

1998

2005

2008

2010

2011

-

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Line Hose

Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Sleeves

Standard Specification for

In-Service Care of Insulating

Line Hose and Covers

F-478

2009

-

Standard Specification for In-Service

Care of Insulating Blankets

F-479

F-496

2006

2008

2011

-

Standard Specification for In-Service

Care of Insulating Gloves And Sleeves

TABLE A

ALTERNATING CURRENT PROOF-TEST REQUIREMENTS

Maximum Proof-Test Current, mA

(Globes Only)

PROOF-TEST

VOLTAGE

RMS V

CLASS

EQUIPMENT

OF

280-mm

(11 in.)

Glove

360-mm

410-mm

460-mm

in.)

Glove

(14

in.) (16 in.) (18

Glove

-

00

0

2,500

8

-

12

14

16

18

-

5,000

14

16

18

20

22

16

18

20

22

24

1

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

2

-

3

-

4

-

TABLE B

DIRECT CURRENT PROOF-TEST REQUIREMENTS

Page 35

CLASS OF EQUIPMENT

PROOF-TEST VOLTAGE

00

0

10,000

20,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

1

2

3

4

NOTE: The dc voltages listed in this table are not appropriate for proof testing rubber

insulating line hose or covers. For this equipment, dc proof tests shall use a voltage high

enough to indicate that the equipment can be safely used at the voltages listed in Table

D.

See ASTM D-1050 “Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Line Hose,” 2005

edition with 2011 supplement and ASTM D-1049 “Standard Specification for Rubber

Insulating Covers,” 1998 edition with 2010 supplement, as adopted in R 408.13301a, for

further information on proof tests for rubber insulating line hose and covers,

respectively.

TABLE C

GLOVE TESTS – WATER LEVEL^{1, 2}

ALTERNATING CURRENT

PROOF TEST

OF

DIRECT CURRENT

PROOF TEST

CLASS

GLOVE

mm

38

in

mm

38

in

00

0

1.5

2.5

1.5

2.0

3.0

38

1

38

51

2

64

76

Page 36

3

4

89

3.5

5.0

102

153

4.0

6.0

127

¹The water level is given as the clearance from the reinforced edge of the glove to the

water line, with a tolerance of ±13 mm. (±0.5 in.).

2

If atmospheric conditions make the specified clearances impractical, the clearances

may be increased by a maximum of 25 mm. (1 in.).

TABLE D

RUBBER INSULATING EQUIPMENT, VOLTAGE REQUIREMENTS

MAXIMUM USE RETEST

OF VOLTAGE¹VOLTAGE²

RETEST

CLASS

EQUIPMENT

VOLTAGE²

DIRECT

ALTERNATING

CURRENT RMS

ALTERNATING

CURRENT RMS

CURRENT AVG

00

0

500

2,500

10,000

20,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

1,000

7,500

17,000

26,500

36,000

5,000

1

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

2

3

4

1

The maximum use voltage is the ac voltage (rms) classification of the protective

equipment that designates the maximum nominal design voltage of the energized system

that may be safely worked. The nominal design voltage is equal to the phase-to-phase

voltage on multiphase circuits. However, the phase-to-ground potential is considered to

be the nominal design voltage under the following conditions:

(1) There is no multiphase exposure in a system area and the voltage exposure is limited

to the phase-to-ground potential, or

(2) The electric equipment and devices are insulated or isolated or both so that the

multiphase exposure on a grounded wye circuit is removed.

²The proof-test voltage shall be applied continuously for at least 1 minute, but no more

than 3 minutes.

Page 37

TABLE E

RUBBER INSULATING EQUIPMENT TEST INTERVALS

TYPE OF EQUIPMENT

Rubber insulating line hose

Rubber insulating covers

WHEN TO TEST

Upon indication that insulating value

is suspect and after repair.

Upon indication that insulating value

is suspect and after repair.

Before first issue and every 12 months thereafter;¹

upon indication that insulating value is suspect;

and after repair

Rubber insulating blankets

Rubber insulating gloves

Before first issue and every 6 months thereafter;¹

upon indication that insulating value is suspect;

after repair; and after use without protectors

Before first issue and every 12 months thereafter;¹

upon indication that insulating value is suspect;

and after repair

Rubber insulating sleeves

1

If the insulating equipment has been electrically tested but not issued for service, the

insulating equipment shall not be placed into service unless it has been electrically tested

within the previous 12 months.

History: 2015 AACS; 2016 AACS.

R 408.13390 Rescinded.

History: 1983 AACS; 1997 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2018 AACS.

HAND PROTECTION

R 408.13392. Hand protection.

Rule 3392. An employer shall select and require employees to use appropriate hand

protection when employees’ hands are exposed to hazards, such as those from any of the

following:

(a) Skin absorption of harmful substances.

(b) Severe cuts or lacerations.

(c) Severe abrasions.

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(d) Punctures.

(e) Chemical burns.

(f) Thermal burns.

(g) Harmful temperature extremes.

History: 1983 AACS; 1995 AACS; 2014 AACS.

R 408.13393. Hand protection; selection.

Rule 3393. (1) An employer shall base the selection of the appropriate hand protection on

an evaluation of the performance characteristics of the hand protection related to all of the

following:

(a) The task or tasks to be performed.

(b) Conditions present.

(c) Duration of use.

(d) The hazards and potential hazards identified.

(2) Hand protection interiors shall be kept free of corrosive or irritating contaminants.

(3) If more than 1 employee wears a pair of gloves, the gloves shall be sanitized before

re-issuance.

History: 2014 AACS.

BODY PROTECTION

R 408.13394. Body protection.

Rule 3394. (1) An employer shall ensure that each employee who is required to work so

that his or her clothing becomes wet due to a condition other than the weather or

perspiration uses any of the following:

(a) Aprons.

(b) Coats.

(c) Jackets.

(d) Sleeves.

(e) Other garments that will keep his or her clothing dry.

(2) The material shall be unaffected by the wetting agent.

(3) The provision of dry, clean, acid-resistant clothing, in addition to rubber shoes or short

boots and an apron, shall be considered a satisfactory substitute where small parts are

cleaned, plated, or acid-dipped in an open tank.

(4) When abrasive blasting is not protected by an enclosure, the operator shall use heavy

canvas or leather gloves and aprons or equivalent protection to provide protection from the

impact of abrasives.

History: 1983 AACS; 1997 AACS; 2014 AACS.

PERSONAL FALL PROTECTION SYSTEMS

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R 408.13395a General requirements for personal fall protection systems.

Rule 3395a. (1) An employer shall ensure that personal fall protection systems meet the

requirements contained in this standard.

(2) Connectors shall be drop forged, pressed or formed steel, or made of equivalent

materials.

(3) Connectors must have a corrosion-resistant finish, and all surfaces and edges shall be

smooth to prevent damage to interfacing parts of the system.

(4) When vertical lifelines are used, each employee shall be attached to a separate lifeline.

(5) Lanyards and vertical lifelines shall have a minimum breaking strength of 5,000

pounds (22.2 kN).

(6) Self-retracting lifelines and lanyards that automatically limit free fall distance to 2 feet

(0.61 m) or less shall have components capable of sustaining a minimum tensile load of

3,000 pounds (13.3 kN) applied to the device with the lifeline or lanyard in the fully

extended position.

(7) A competent person or qualified person shall inspect each knot in a lanyard or vertical

lifeline to ensure that it meets the requirements of subrules (5) and (6) of this rule, before

any employee uses the lanyard or lifeline.

(8) D-rings, snaphooks, and carabiners shall be capable of sustaining a minimum tensile

load of 5,000 pounds (22.2 kN).

(9) D-rings, snaphooks, and carabiners shall be proof tested to a minimum tensile load of

3,600 pounds (16 kN) without cracking, breaking, or incurring permanent deformation.

The gate strength of snaphooks and carabiners shall be proof tested to 3,600 lbs. (16 kN)

in all directions.

(10) Snaphooks and carabiners shall be the automatic locking type that require at least 2

separate, consecutive movements to open.

(11) Snaphooks and carabiners shall not be connected to any of the following unless they

are designed for such connections:

(a) Directly to webbing, rope, or wire rope.

(b) To each other.

(c) To a D-ring to which another snaphook, carabiner, or connector is attached.

(d) To a horizontal life line.

(e) To any object that is incompatibly shaped or dimensioned in relation to the snaphook

or carabiner such that unintentional disengagement could occur when the connected object

depresses the snaphook or carabiner gate, allowing the components to separate.

(12) An employer shall ensure that each horizontal lifeline is as follows:

(a) Is designed, installed, and used under the supervision of a qualified person.

(b) Is part of a complete personal fall arrest system that maintains a safety factor of at

least 2.

(13) Anchorages used to attach to personal fall protection equipment shall be independent

of any anchorage used to suspend employees or platforms on which employees work.

Anchorages used to attach to personal fall protection equipment on mobile work platforms

on powered industrial trucks shall be attached to an overhead member of the platform, at a

point located above and near the center of the platform.

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(14) Anchorages, except window cleaners’ belt anchors covered by R 408.13395d to

R 408.13395g, shall be able to do either of the following:

(a) Capable of supporting at least 5,000 pounds (22.2 kN) for each employee attached.

(b) Designed, installed, and used, under the supervision of qualified person, as part of a

complete personal fall protection system that maintains a safety factor of at least 2.

(15) Travel restraint lines shall be capable of sustaining a tensile load of at least 5,000

pounds (22.2 kN).

(16) Lifelines must not be made of natural fiber rope. Polypropylene rope must contain

an ultraviolet (UV) light inhibitor.

(17) Personal fall protection systems and their components shall be used exclusively for

employee fall protection and not for any other purpose, such as hoisting equipment or

materials.

(18) A personal fall protection system or its components subjected to impact loading shall

be removed from service immediately and not used again until a competent person inspects

the system or components and determines that it is not damaged and safe for use for

employee personal fall protection.

(19) Personal fall protection systems shall be inspected before initial use during each

workshift for mildew, wear, damage, and other deterioration, and defective components

shall be removed from service.

(20) Ropes, belts, lanyards, and harnesses used for personal fall protection shall be

compatible with all connectors used.

(21) Ropes, belts, lanyards, lifelines, and harnesses used for personal fall protection shall

be protected from being cut, abraded, melted, or otherwise damaged.

(22) An employer shall provide for prompt rescue of each employee in the event of a fall.

(23) Personal fall protection systems shall be worn with the attachment point of the body

harness located in the center of the employee's back near shoulder level. The attachment

point may be located in the pre-sternal position if the free fall distance is limited to 2 feet

(0.6 m) or less.

History: 2018 AACS.

R 408.13395b System performance criteria for personal fall arrest systems.

Rule 3395b. (1) Personal fall arrest systems shall comply with the requirements of

R 408.13395a.

(2) An employer shall ensure that personal fall arrest systems comply with all of the

following:

(a) Limit the maximum arresting force on the employee to 1,800 pounds (8 kN).

(b) Bring the employee to a complete stop and limit the maximum deceleration distance

the employee travels to 3.5 feet (1.1 m).

(c) Have sufficient strength to withstand twice the potential impact energy of the

employee free falling a distance of 6 feet (1.8 m), or the free fall distance permitted by the

system.

(d) Sustain the employee within the system and strap configuration without making

contact with the employee’s neck and chin area.

(e) When the personal fall arrest system meets the criteria and protocols in Appendix D

“Personal Fall Protection Systems,” Non-Mandatory Guidelines, and is being used by an

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employee having a combined body and tool weight of less than 310 pounds (140 kg), the

system is considered to be in compliance with the provisions of subrule (2)(a) to (c) of this

rule.

(f) When the system is used by an employee having a combined body and tool weight of

310 pounds (140 kg) or more and the employer has appropriately modified the criteria and

protocols in Appendix D “Personal Fall Protection Systems,” Non-Mandatory Guidelines,

then the system is deemed to be in compliance with the requirements of subrule (2)(a) to

(c) of this rule.

History: 2018 AACS.

R 408.13395c System use criteria for personal fall arrest systems.

Rule 3395c. (1) An employer shall ensure that any horizontal lifeline that may become a

vertical lifeline, the device used to connect to the horizontal lifeline is capable of locking

in both directions on the lifeline.

(2) An employer shall ensure that the personal fall arrest systems are rigged in such a

manner that the employee cannot free fall more than 6 feet (1.8 m) or contact a lower level.

A free fall may be more than 6 feet (1.8 m) provided the employer can demonstrate the

manufacturer designed the system to allow a free fall of more than 6 feet and tested the

system to ensure a maximum arresting force of 1,800 pounds (8 kN) is not exceeded.

(3) Body belts are prohibited as part of a personal fall arrest system.

History: 2018 AACS.

R 408.13395d Positioning systems for personal fall protection systems.

Rule 3395d. An employer shall ensure that all positioning systems, except window

cleaners’ positioning systems, are capable of withstanding, without failure, a drop test

consisting of a 4-foot (1.2-m) drop of a 250-pound (113-kg) weight.

History: 2018 AACS.

R 408.13395e Window cleaners’ positioning systems.

Rule 3395e. (1) An employer shall ensure that all window cleaners’ positioning systems

are capable of withstanding, without failure, a drop test consisting of a 6-foot (1.8-m) drop

of a 250-pound (113-kg) weight.

(2) An employer shall ensure that all window cleaners’ positioning systems limit the

initial arresting force on the falling employee to not more than 2,000 pounds (8.9 kN), with

a duration not exceeding 2 milliseconds and any subsequent arresting forces to not more

than 1,000 pounds (4.5 kN).

(3) An employer shall ensure positioning systems, including window cleaners’

positioning systems, meet the test methods and procedures in Appendix D “Personal Fall

Protection Systems,” Non-Mandatory Guidelines, are considered to be in compliance

R 408.13395d and R 408.13395e.

History: 2018 AACS.

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R 408.13395f Lineman's body belt and pole strap systems.

Rule 3395f. An employer shall ensure that all lineman’s body belt and pole strap systems

meet the following tests:

(a) A dielectric test of 819.7 volts, AC, per centimeter, 25,000 volts per foot, for 3 minutes

without visible deterioration.

(b) A leakage test of 98.4 volts, AC, per centimeter, 3,000 volts per foot, with a leakage

current of no more than 1 mA.

(c) A flammability test in accordance with Table F “Flammability Test.”

TABLE F

FLAMMABILITY TEST

Test Method

Criteria for Passing Test

1. Vertically suspend a 19.7-inch (500-mm)

length of strapping supporting a 220.5-lb

(100-kg) weight.

Any flames on the position strap must

self-extinguish.

2. Use a butane or propane burner with a

3-inch (76-mm) flame.

3. Direct the flame to an edge of the strapping

at a distance of 1 inch (25 mm).

The positioning strap must continue to

support the 220.5-lb (100-kg) mass.

4. Remove the flame after 5 seconds.

5. Wait for any flames on the positioning strap

to stop burning.

History: 2018 AACS.

R 408.13395g System use criteria for window cleaners’ positioning systems.

Rule 3395g. An employer shall ensure that window cleaners’ positioning systems meet

and are used in accordance with the following:

(a) Window cleaners’ belts are designed and constructed to comply with both of the

following:

(i) Belt terminals will not pass through their fastenings on the belt or harness if a terminal

comes loose from the window anchor.

(ii) The length of the runner from terminal tip to terminal tip is 8 feet (2.44 m) or less.

(b) Window anchors to which belts are fastened are installed in the side frames or mullions

of the window at a point not less than 42 inches (106.7 cm) and not more than 51 inches

(129.5 cm) above the window sill.

(c) Each window anchor is capable of supporting a minimum load of 6,000 pounds (26.5

kN).

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(d) Use of installed window anchors for any purpose other than attaching the window

cleaner’s belt is prohibited.

(e) A window anchor that has damaged or deteriorated fastenings or supports is removed,

or the window anchor head is detached so the anchor cannot be used.

(f) Rope that has wear or deterioration that affects its strength is not used.

(g) Both terminals of the window cleaner’s belt are attached to separate window anchors

during any cleaning operation.

(h) No employee works on a window sill or ledge on which there is snow, ice, or any

other slippery condition, or one that is weakened or rotted.

(i) No employee works on a window sill or ledge unless he or she complies with either of

the following:

(i) The window sill or ledge is a minimum of 4 inches (10 cm) wide and slopes no more

than 15 degrees below horizontal.

(ii) The 4-inch minimum width of the window sill or ledge is increased 0.4 inches (1 cm)

for every degree the sill or ledge slopes beyond 15 degrees, up to a maximum of 30 degrees.

(j) The employee attaches at least 1 belt terminal to a window anchor before climbing

through the window opening, and keeps at least 1 terminal attached until completely back

inside the window opening.

(k) Except as provided in subdivision (l) of this rule, the employee travels from 1 window

to another by returning inside the window opening and repeating the belt terminal

attachment procedure at each window in accordance with subdivision (j) of this rule.

(l) An employee using a window cleaner’s positioning system may travel from 1 window

to another while outside of the building, provided the employee complies with all of the

following:

(i) At least 1 belt terminal is attached to a window anchor at all times.

(ii) The distance between window anchors does not exceed 4 feet (1.2 m) horizontally.

The distance between windows may be increased up to 6 feet (1.8 m) horizontally if the

window sill or ledge is at least 1 foot (0.31 m) wide and the slope is less than 5 degrees.

(iii) The sill or ledge between windows is continuous.

(iv) The width of the window sill or ledge in front of the mullions is at least 6 inches (15.2

cm) wide.

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS.

R 408.13398 Rescinded.

History: 1983 AACS; 2014 AACS.

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