DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY  
DIRECTOR’S OFFICE  
CONSTRUCTION STANDARD  
(By authority conferred on the director of the department of labor and economic  
opportunity by sections 19 and 21 of the Michigan occupational safety and health act, 1974  
PA 154, MCL 408.1019 and 408.1021, and Executive Reorganization Order Nos. 1996-2,  
2003-1, 2008-4, 2011-4, and 2019-3, MCL 445.2001, 445.2011, 445.2025, 445.2030, and  
125.1998)  
PART 25. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION  
R 408.42501 Scope.  
Rule 2501. This standard pertains to all the following:  
(a) The reinforcing, pouring, stressing, lifting, and floating of concrete.  
(b) The construction of forms and shoring used in connection with concrete construction.  
(c) Tendon tensioning operations.  
(d) Precast, tilt-up, and lift-slab operations.  
(e) An employee working in the vicinity of the hazard or hazards during any phase of the  
work operations listed in subdivisions (a) to (d) of this rule.  
History: 1979 AC; 1980 AACS; 1989 AACS; 1993 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2026 MR 12,  
Eff. June 22, 2026.  
R 408.42502 Adoption of standards.  
Rule 2502. (1) The following standards are adopted by reference in these rules and are  
available from Accuris, 7979 East Tufts Avenue, Suite 300, Denver, Colorado 80237,  
telephone number 1-800-332-6077 at: www.accuristech.com, at a cost as of the time of  
adoption of these rules, as stated in this rule:  
(a) American National Standard Institute standard ANSI A10.9, “Concrete Construction  
and Masonry Work,” 1983 edition. Cost: $20.00.  
(b) American Welding Society standard AWS D1.1/D1.1M, “Structural Welding Code  
Steel,” 2002 edition. Cost: $388.00.  
(2) The following standard is adopted by reference in these rules, American Welding  
Society standard AWS B1.10, “Guide for the Nondestructive Examination of Welds,” 1999  
edition. This standard is available from The AWS Store Customer Service, 13301 NW 47  
Avenue, Opa-Locka, Florida 33054; telephone number: 305-826-6192; or: www.aws.org;  
at a cost as of the time of adoption of these rules of $104.00.  
(3) The standards adopted in these rules are available for inspection at the Michigan  
Department of Labor and Economic Opportunity, MIOSHA, Standards and FOIA Section,  
530 West Allegan Street, P.O. Box 30643, Lansing, Michigan 48909-8143.  
Page 1  
(4) Copies of these standards may be obtained from the publisher or may be obtained from  
the Department of Labor and Economic Opportunity, MIOSHA, Standards and FOIA  
Section, 530 West Allegan Street, P.O. Box 30643, Lansing, Michigan 48909-8143, at the  
cost charged, plus $20.00 for shipping and handling.  
History: 2003 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2026 MR 12, Eff. June 22, 2026.  
Editor's Note: An obvious error in R 408.42502 was corrected at the request of the promulgating agency,  
pursuant to Section 56 of 1969 PA 306, as amended by 2000 PA 262, MCL 24.256. The rule containing the  
error was published in Michigan Register, 2026 MR 12. The memorandum requesting the correction was  
published in Michigan Register, 2026 MR 12.  
R 408.42503 Reference of standards.  
Rule 2503. Up to 5 copies of these standards may be obtained at no charge from the  
Michigan Department of Labor and Economic Opportunity, MIOSHA, Standards and  
FOIA Section, 530 West Allegan Street, P.O. Box 30643, Lansing, Michigan 48909-8143,  
or at: www.michigan.gov/mioshastandards. For quantities greater than 5, the cost, at the  
time of adoption of these rules, is 4 cents per page. The following Michigan occupational  
safety and health administration (MIOSHA) standards are referenced in these rules:  
(a) Construction Safety and Health Standard Part 12. “Scaffolds and Scaffold Platforms,”  
R 408.41201 to R 408.41264.  
(b) Construction Safety and Health Standard Part 21. “Guarding of Walking and Working  
Areas,” R 408.42101 to R 408.42160.  
(c) Construction Safety Standard Part 45. “Fall Protection,” R 408.44501 to R 408.44502.  
History: 2003 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2026 MR 12, Eff. June 22, 2026.  
R 408.42516 Definitions.  
Rule 2516. (1) “Barricade” means a readily visible obstruction used to direct the passage  
of employees or vehicles.  
(2) "Bull float" means a tool used to spread out and smooth concrete.  
(3) “Competent person” means an individual who is capable of identifying existing and  
predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions that are unsanitary,  
hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective  
measures to eliminate them.  
(4) “Dead load” means a constant load, without load factors, due to mass of the members,  
the supported structure, and permanent attachments or accessories.  
(5) “Flying form” means a prefabricated formwork system for floor slabs incorporating  
support that is moved in large sections by mechanical equipment including, but not limited  
to a crane or forklift.  
(6) “Footings" means a natural or built-up solid ground or base on which shoring or  
reshoring is supported, including all underlying ground strata.  
(7) "Formwork" or "falsework" means the total system of support for freshly placed or  
partially cured concrete, including the mold or sheeting that contacts the concrete and all  
supporting members, hardware, and necessary bracing.  
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(8) "Guy" means a line that steadies a high object or structure by pulling against an off-  
center load.  
(9) "Jacking operation" means the task of vertically lifting a slab or group of slabs from  
1 location to another, such as from the casting location to a temporary, location, from a  
temporary location to another temporary location, or to its final location in the structure  
during the construction of a structure where the lift-slab process is being used.  
(10) "Lift-slab" means a method of concrete construction in which floor and roof slabs  
are cast on or at ground level and, using jacks, lifted into position.  
(11) "Posttensioned concrete" means a concrete member in which internal stresses have  
been introduced by the stressing of tendons after the placement of concrete.  
(12) “Post-tensioning operations” means a method of stressing reinforced concrete in  
which tendons running through the concrete are tensioned after the concrete has hardened  
resulting in posttensioned concrete.  
(13) "Precast concrete" means a concrete member that is cast and cured at a location other  
than its final designated location.  
(14) “Pretensioned concrete" means a concrete member in which internal stresses have  
been introduced by the stressing of tendons before the placement of the concrete.  
(15) “Pre-tensioning operations” means a method of stressing tendons before concrete is  
placed and hardened resulting in pretensioned concrete.  
(16) "Qualified person" means an individual who, because of education or training, is  
knowledgeable about the erection methods, materials, and hazards of the work to be  
performed.  
(17) "Reshore" means the temporary vertical or inclined supporting members that are  
placed or left in place when the original supporting shores or posts for the formwork are  
removed. The reshores are used to support partially cured concrete and other construction  
loads.  
(18) "Shore" means a vertical or inclined support member that is designed to carry the  
weight of formwork, concrete, and construction live loads above.  
(19) “Sign” means a board, sheet, poster, or placard displayed to convey information or  
direction either temporarily or permanently.  
(20) "Slip form" means a form that moves, usually continuously, during the placement of  
concrete. Movement may be either horizontal or vertical.  
(21) “Tendon” means an element, usually steel such as wire, stranded components such  
as wires, bars or rods used in pretensioning or posttensioning concrete.  
(22) "Vertical slip form" means a form that is jacked vertically and continuously during  
the placing of concrete.  
History: 1980 AACS; 1989 AACS; 1993 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2026 MR 12, Eff. June 22, 2026.  
R 408.42517 Construction equipment and material requirements; adoption by  
reference.  
Rule 2517. (1) Equipment and material used in concrete construction and masonry work  
shall meet the applicable requirements prescribed in American national standard institute  
standard ANSI A10.9, “Concrete Construction and Masonry Work,” 1983 edition, as  
adopted in R 408.42502.  
Page 3  
(2) The minimum safety factors of formwork accessories shall be as prescribed in table 1,  
as follows:  
TABLE 1  
MINIMUM SAFETY FACTORS OF FORMWORK ACCESSORIES*  
Safety  
Accessory  
Type of Construction  
Factor  
Light formwork, 8 feet or less in height  
with no hazard to life.  
All formwork over 8 feet in height or hazardous to  
life. Formwork for architectural concrete.  
Formwork supporting form weight  
and concrete pressures only.  
Formwork supporting weight of forms, concrete,  
construction live loads, and impact.  
1.5  
Form Tie  
2.0  
2.0  
3.0  
2.0  
2.0  
Form Anchor  
Form Hangers  
Anchoring  
All applications.  
inserts  
Precast concrete panels when used as formwork.  
used as form ties.  
*Safety factors are based on ultimate strength of accessory.  
History: 1980 AACS; 1989 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2016 AACS.  
R 408.42518 Reinforcing steel.  
Rule 2518. (1) All protruding reinforcing steel, onto and into which employees could fall,  
must be guarded to eliminate the hazard of impalement.  
(2) Reinforcing steel or walls, piers, columns, and other similar vertical structures must  
be guyed, braced, or otherwise supported to prevent collapse under the direction of a  
qualified person.  
(3) Reinforcing steel must not be used as a scaffolding hook or stirrup or as a load-  
bearing member in a lifting device.  
(4) Reinforcing steel must not be welded and used as a load-bearing member.  
(5) Roll wire mesh must be secured at each end to prevent dangerous recoiling action.  
History: 1980 AACS; 1989 AACS; 1996 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2026 MR 12,  
Eff. June 22, 2026.  
R 408.42519 Bulk concrete handling.  
Rule 2519. A bulk storage bin, container, or silo shall have a conical or tapered  
bottom with a mechanical or pneumatic means of starting the flow of the material. An  
employee shall not be permitted to enter storage facilities unless the ejection system  
Page 4  
has been shut down, locked out, and tagged to indicate that the ejection system is not  
operable.  
History: 1980 AACS; 2003 AACS.  
R 408.42520 Concrete mixing, pouring, and floating.  
Rule 2520. (1) A concrete mixer that is equipped with a 1-yard or larger loading skip must  
be equipped with a mechanical device to clear the skip of material.  
(2) A guardrail that is capable of withstanding a 200-pound side thrust must be  
provided on each side of a skip on a mixer that has a capacity of 1 or more yards.  
(3) The handle on a bull float that is used where it may contact an energized electrical  
conductor must be constructed of nonconductive material or must be insulated with a  
nonconductive sheath that has electrical and mechanical characteristics that provide the  
equivalent protection of a handle constructed of nonconductive material.  
(4) A powered and rotating-type concrete troweling machine that is manually guided must  
be equipped with a control switch that automatically shuts off the power when the operator  
removes the operator’s hands from the equipment handles or switch.  
(5) The handles of a concrete buggy must not extend horizontally beyond the wheels on  
either side of the buggy.  
(6) A concrete bucket that is equipped with a hydraulically or pneumatically operated gate  
must have a positive safety latch or a similar safety device installed to prevent premature  
or accidental dumping. The bucket must be designed to prevent aggregate and loose  
material from accumulating on the top and sides of the bucket.  
(7) An employee shall not be allowed to ride a concrete bucket.  
(8) Routes for suspended loads must be preplanned to ensure that no employee is required  
to work directly below a suspended load, except for employees engaged in emptying the  
concrete bucket.  
(9) A concrete bucket that is positioned by a crane or cableway must be suspended from  
an approved swivel safety-type hook.  
(10) A pumpcrete or similar system using discharge pipe must have pipe supports that are  
designed for a 100% overload. Compression air hoses in the system shall be provided with  
positive fail-safe joint connectors to prevent the separation of sections when pressurized.  
(11) A runway, ramp, or scaffold must be provided for placement of concrete in areas  
such as walls, piers, columns, and beams, as prescribed in Construction Safety and Health  
Standards Part 12. “Scaffolds and Scaffold Platforms,” Part 21. “Guarding of Walking and  
Working Areas,” and Part 45. “Fall Protection,” as referenced in R 408.42503.  
(12) A concrete mixer, or other equipment, such as a compressor, screen, or pumps used  
for concrete construction activities, where inadvertent operation of the equipment may  
occur and cause injury, must be locked out when an employee is performing maintenance  
or repair. An employee who is inside a concrete mixer performing maintenance or repair  
shall have the only key to the lock.  
(13) Sections of tremies and similar concrete conveyances must be secured with wire rope,  
or equivalent materials, in addition to the regular couplings or connections.  
History: 1980 AACS; 1982 AACS; 1989 AACS; 1996 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2016 AACS;  
2026 MR 12, Eff. June 22, 2026.  
Page 5  
R 408.42521 Forms and shoring generally.  
Rule 2521. (1) Formwork, shoring, and reshoring shall be designed, erected, supported,  
braced, and maintained so that they will support all vertical and lateral loads that may be  
imposed upon them during placement of concrete or until the loads can be supported by  
the concrete structure.  
(2) Drawings or plans which are prepared by the qualified person, except as required in  
R 408.42527(5) and R 408.42533(1), and which show the jack layout, formwork, shoring,  
working decks, and scaffolding shall be available at the jobsite.  
(3) No construction loads shall be placed on a concrete structure or portion of a concrete  
structure unless the employer determines, based on information received from a person  
who is qualified in structural design, that the structure or portion of the structure is capable  
of supporting the loads.  
History: 1980 AACS; 1982 AACS; 1989 AACS; 1996 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.42522 Placing and removing forms.  
Rule 2522. (1) Forms must not be completely removed until a determination is made that  
the concrete can support its own weight and any currently superimposed load. The  
determination must be based on compliance with either of the following:  
(a) The plans and specifications stipulate conditions for removal of forms and shores that  
have been followed.  
(b) Written documentation has been provided to the company performing the stressing  
operation that the concrete has been properly tested with an appropriate ASTM standard  
test method designed to indicate the concrete compressive strength, and that the test results  
indicate that the concrete has gained sufficient strength to support its weight and  
superimposed loads.  
(2) Vertical, horizontal, and overhead forms that are being raised or removed by lifting  
equipment must be braced or secured before being released from the load line.  
History: 1980 AACS; 1989 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2026 MR 12, Eff. June 22, 2026.  
R 408.42523 Vertical slip forms.  
Rule 2523. (1) Field operations for vertical slip forms must be under the supervision of  
a qualified person. The qualified person shall be present on the deck during slipping  
operations.  
(2) A lift must proceed steadily and uniformly and must not exceed the predetermined  
rate of lift.  
(3) The steel rods or pipe on which the jacks climb or by which the forms are lifted must  
be specifically designed for climbing or lifting. The rods must be adequately braced if they  
are not encased in concrete.  
(4) Jacks and vertical supports must be positioned so that the vertical loads are distributed  
equally and do not exceed the capacity of the jacks.  
Page 6  
(5) The jacks or other lifting devices must be provided with mechanical dogs or other  
automatic holding devices to prevent slippage due to the failure of the power supply of the  
lifting mechanism.  
(6) Vertical slip forms must be provided with scaffolding or work platforms that  
completely encircle the area of placement. The scaffolds must be as prescribed in  
Construction Safety and Health Standard Part 12 “Scaffolds and Scaffold Platforms,” as  
referenced in R 408.42503.  
(7) Lateral and diagonal bracing of vertical slip forms must be provided to prevent  
excessive distortion of the structure during the jacking operation.  
(8) During a jacking operation, a qualified person shall maintain the form structure in line  
and plumb.  
History: 1980 AACS; 1989 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2016 AACS; 2026 MR 12, Eff. June 22, 2026.  
R 408.42524 Vertical shoring, guying, and bracing generally.  
Rule 2524. (1) When temporary storage of reinforcing rods, material, or equipment on  
top of formwork becomes necessary, these areas must be strengthened to support the  
intended loads.  
(2) The sills for shoring must be sound, rigid, and capable of carrying the maximum  
intended load.  
(3) When shoring from soil, the soil must be capable of supporting the load and the soil  
must be inspected after each occurrence that could affect its load-bearing capacity. Soil  
weakened from any occurrence that reduces its load-bearing capacity to less than that  
required to support a specific load must be strengthened by compacting or other equivalent  
means.  
(4) Baseplates, shore heads, extension devices, and adjustment screws must be in firm  
contact with the footing sill and the form.  
(5) Eccentric loads on shore heads and similar members or shoring are prohibited, unless  
the shore heads are designed for the loading.  
(6) Shoring equipment must be inspected by a qualified person before erection to  
determine that it is as specified in the shoring drawings or plans. Any equipment found to  
be damaged must not be used for shoring.  
(7) Before concrete is placed in the forms, all shoring equipment must be inspected, and  
documented, by a qualified person to determine whether it was erected as specified in the  
shoring drawings or plans.  
(8) Erected shoring must be inspected by a qualified person during and immediately after  
pouring concrete. Shoring that is found to be damaged or weakened must be reinforced or  
reshored.  
(9) Only designated employees shall be allowed on the first floor immediately under the  
forms during concrete placing work.  
(10) Shoring equipment, guying, and bracing must not be released or removed without  
the approval and assurance of a qualified person that the remaining equipment will support  
the load.  
(11) Construction or superimposed loads must not be placed on an uncured concrete pour  
unless either of the following provisions is complied with:  
Page 7  
(a) The strength of the concrete in the previous pour has been determined by testing to be  
capable of withstanding the load.  
(b) A qualified person indicates that the concrete has developed sufficient strength to  
support the load. This subdivision does not apply to slip form operations and slabs built at  
grade elevation.  
(12) Reshoring must be provided, when necessary, to support slabs and beams after  
stripping or where the members are subjected to superimposed loads due to the construction  
work done.  
(13) Vertical shoring must not be adjusted to raise formwork after concrete is in place,  
unless specifically provided for in the design specifications.  
History: 1980 AACS; 1989 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2026 MR 12, Eff. June 22, 2026.  
R 408.42525 Metal frame shoring.  
Rule 2525. Locking devices on frames and braces shall be in good working order;  
coupling pins shall align the frame or panel legs; pivoted cross braces shall have their center  
pivot in place, and all components shall be without defects.  
History: 1980 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.42526 Tube and coupler shoring.  
Rule 2526. (1) The couplers or clamps shall not be used if they are deformed, broken,  
have defective or missing threads on bolts, or have other defects.  
(2) The interlocking of the tubular members and the tightness of the couplers shall be  
checked before pouring concrete.  
History: 1980 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.42527 Single-post shores.  
Rule 2527. (1) For stability, a single-post shore shall be horizontally braced in both the  
longitudinal and transverse directions, and diagonal bracing shall also be installed. The  
bracing shall be installed as the shores are being erected.  
(2) The top of single-post shores shall be restricted from movement by the use of retainers  
or other equivalent means.  
(3) Timber and fabricated single-post shores and the adjusting devices shall be inspected  
before erection. Timber for single-post shores shall not be used if it contains splits, cuts,  
rotting, or structural damage.  
(4) A metal single-post shore and the adjusting devices shall not be used if the shore or  
devices are heavily rusted, bent, dented, or rewelded or have broken weldments or other  
defects.  
(5) A single-post shore that is used in more than 1 tier shall be designed by a registered  
engineer and inspected by a qualified person. All of the following shall apply:  
(a) The single post shores shall be vertically aligned.  
(b) The single post shores shall be spliced to prevent misalignment.  
Page 8  
(c) The single post shores shall be adequately braced in 2 mutually perpendicular  
directions at the splice level. Each tier shall also be diagonally braced in the same 2  
directions.  
(6) When formwork is at an angle or is sloping or when the surface shored is sloping, the  
shoring shall be designed for this loading by a qualified engineer.  
History: 1980 AACS; 1989 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.42528 Flying forms.  
Rule 2528. (1) Nothing is allowed on the forms during movement unless it is securely  
fastened to the forms.  
(2) An individual, other than the rigger, shall not be allowed on top of the form after  
rollout operations have been completed.  
(3) Rigging of the form must be completed before the line from the crane takes the total  
load of the form.  
History: 1989 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2026 MR 12, Eff. June 22, 2026.  
R 408.42529 Site access and layout.  
Rule 2529. The employer shall ensure each of the following are provided and maintained:  
(a) A route designated as a means of access or egress across reinforcing steel for general  
traffic with a walkway.  
(b) Adequate access roads into and through the site for the safe delivery and movement  
of derricks, cranes, trucks, other necessary equipment, the material to be erected, and the  
means and methods for pedestrian and vehicular control.  
(c) A firm, properly graded, and drained area, that is readily accessible to the work with  
adequate space for the safe assembly, rigging, and storage of reinforcing and post-  
tensioning materials, and the safe operation of the reinforcing contractor’s equipment.  
History: 2026 MR 12, Eff. June 22, 2026.  
R 408.42531 Tensioning operations.  
Rule 2531. (1) Expendable and reusable tendon deflection devices must not be loaded in  
excess of their maximum intended load. The use of deflection devices must conform to the  
manufacturer’s instructions and recommendations.  
(2) A competent person shall inspect the stressing equipment for damage or defects before  
stressing operations begin, and periodically during the stressing operations. The use of  
stressing equipment must conform to the manufacturer’s instructions and  
recommendations.  
(3) Tensioning tendons that have kinks, bends, nicks, and other defects must not be used.  
(4) Welding or cutting is prohibited near tendon that has been unrolled, strung, or  
tensioned or at any other location where tendon is stored.  
(5) During jacking operations of any tensioning element or group of tensioning elements,  
the anchor must be kept turned up close to the anchor plate.  
Page 9  
(6) An employee shall not stand in the line of, in back of, over the jacking equipment, or  
above or alongside the full length of the tendons during tensioning operations.  
(7) Only an employee who is operating tensioning equipment shall be allowed in the  
immediate vicinity when tensioning is in progress.  
(8) Stress members must be lifted with the lifting devices at points specifically designed.  
An employee shall not be under stressed members during lifting and erection.  
(9) Audible or visual signaling devices must be operated to warn employees when  
tensioning operations are under way.  
(10) All employees who are not directly involved in the tensioning operations shall be  
cleared from the area and shall remain clear until tensioning operations are completed and  
the signaling devices are turned off.  
(11) An employer shall ensure signs and barricades are erected to limit access into the  
stressing area only to personnel engaged in stressing or de-tensioning operations.  
(12) An employer shall ensure there is an adequate safe work platform of a minimum of  
3 feet measured from the end of the floor slab to the platform toeboard, such as an extension  
of the formwork, for stressing tendons, cutting tendon tails, and grouting where tensioning  
operations are above grade.  
(13) An employer shall ensure stressing equipment is secured to prevent accidental  
displacement during operation.  
(14) An employer shall ensure stressing equipment calibration specifications are available  
on site. Before stressing, a competent person shall verify the adequacy of the stressing  
equipment calibrations.  
(15) An employer shall ensure methods must be employed to ensure that supporting  
forms, falsework, or shoring does not fall due to cambering of the concrete during the  
stressing operations. Dead loads and construction loads, including those due to stressing,  
must be considered in the design of the forms, falsework, and shoring.  
History: 1980 AACS; 1989 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2026 MR 12, Eff. June 22, 2026.  
R 408.42532 Precast and tilt-up operations.  
Rule 2532. (1) Lifting inserts which are embedded or otherwise attached to tilt-up  
precast concrete members shall be capable of supporting at least 2 times the maximum  
intended load applied or transmitted to them. Lifting inserts which are embedded or  
otherwise attached to precast concrete members, other than the tilt-up members, shall be  
capable of supporting at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted  
to them. Lifting hardware shall be capable of supporting at least 5 times the maximum  
intended load applied transmitted to the lifting hardware.  
(2) An erection and procedure plan, including placement of connections, shall be  
prepared by a qualified employee knowledgeable in precast concrete erection and be kept  
available at the jobsite.  
(3) Precast concrete wall units and vertical panels shall be braced to prevent collapse. A  
permanent connection may be used in place of bracing if it is capable of withstanding all  
loads imposed during construction.  
(4) An employee, except for a connector, shall not be permitted under a precast section,  
wall, or panel during lifting and tilting operations.  
Page 10  
History: 1980 AACS; 1989 AACS; 1993 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
R 408.42533 Lift-slab operations.  
Rule 2533. (1) A registered professional engineer who is qualified in lift-slab operations  
shall design and plan lift-slab operations. An employer shall implement the plans and  
designs and shall include detailed instructions and sketches that indicate the prescribed  
method of erection. The plans and designs shall also include provisions for ensuring lateral  
stability of the building or structure during construction.  
(2) An employer shall ensure that jacks are marked to indicate the rated capacity  
established by the manufacturer.  
(3) An employer shall ensure that jacks are not loaded beyond the rated capacity  
established by the manufacturer.  
(4) An employer shall ensure that jacking equipment is not overloaded and the threaded  
rods and other members that transmit loads to the jacks are capable of supporting not less  
than 2 1/2 times the load to be applied. Jacking equipment shall include all of the following:  
(a) Jacks and other lifting units.  
(b) Lifting angles.  
(c) Lifting nuts.  
(d) Hook-up collars.  
(e) T-caps.  
(f) Shearheads.  
(g) Columns and footings.  
(5) An employer shall ensure that a jack is designed and installed so that it will not lift or  
continue to lift when it is loaded in excess of its rated capacity.  
(6) An employer shall ensure that a jack has a safety device installed that will cause the  
jack to support the load in any position if the jack malfunctions or loses its lifting ability.  
(7) An employer shall ensure that jacking operations are synchronized to ensure even and  
uniform lifting of the slab. An employer shall ensure, that during lifting, all points of the  
slab support are kept within 1/2 of an inch of that needed to maintain the slab in a level  
position.  
(8) If leveling is automatically controlled, then an employer shall ensure that a device is  
installed which will stop the operation when the 1/2-inch tolerance specified in subrule (7)  
of this rule is exceeded or when there is a malfunction in the jacking system.  
(9) An employer shall ensure that the maximum number of manually controlled jacks on  
1 slab is limited to a number, which shall not be more than 14, that will permit the operator  
to maintain the slab level within specified tolerances. The controls shall be located near a  
qualified person.  
(10) An employer shall ensure that an employee, except for an employee who is essential  
to the jacking operation, is not permitted in the building while any jacking operation is  
taking place. For the purpose of this subrule, a jacking operation begins when a slab or  
group of slabs is lifted and ends when the slabs are secured with either temporary  
connections or permanent connections.  
(11) An employer shall ensure that an employee is not permitted under a slab during  
jacking operations.  
(12) An employer shall ensure that all welding on temporary and permanent connections  
is performed in accordance with the requirements of the American welding society  
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standards AWS D1.1/D1.1M, “Structural Welding Code Steel,” 2002 edition, and AWS  
B1.10, “Guide for the Nondestructive Examination of Welds,” 1999 edition. These  
standards are adopted by reference in R 408.42503. An employer shall ensure that the  
welders are familiar with the welding requirements specified in the lift-slab plan and  
specifications.  
(13) An employer shall ensure that load transfer from jacks to building columns is not  
executed until the welds on the column shear plates are cooled to air temperature.  
(14) An employer shall ensure that jack-lifting units are positively secured to building  
columns so that they do not become dislodged or dislocated.  
(15) An employer shall ensure that equipment is designed and installed so that the lifting  
rods cannot slip out of position or the employer shall initiate other measures, such as the  
use of locking or blocking devices, that will provide attachments and prevent components  
from disengaging during lifting operations.  
(16) Lifting devices, other than jacks covered by subrule (4) of this rule, shall be of  
sufficient strength and design to provide a safety factor not less than 5 times the working  
load.  
History: 1980 AACS; 1989 AACS; 1993 AACS; 1998-2000 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2016  
AACS.  
R 408.42534 Training requirements.  
Rule 2534. Employers shall ensure and document that each employee has been provided  
training and evaluation by a qualified person for the work and avoidance of hazards specific  
to the activities involved with, and related to concrete placement, precast placement,  
reinforcing steel activities, post-tensioning rigging, placement of shores and reshores,  
formwork, and handling of chemicals such as cement, concrete, and form-oils.  
History: 1989 AACS; 2013 AACS; 2026 MR 12, Eff. June 22, 2026.  
R 408.42535 Rescinded.  
History: 1989 AACS; 2003 AACS; 2013 AACS.  
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;