DEPARTMENT OF LICENSING AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS  
BUREAU OF CONSTRUCTION CODES  
SKI AREA SAFETY GENERAL RULES  
(By authority conferred on the director of the department of licensing and regulatory  
affairs by section 6 of the ski area safety act of 1962, 1962 PA 199, MCL 408.326, and  
Executive Reorganization Order Nos. 1991-9, 1996-2, 2003-1, 2008-4, 2011-4, and 2024-  
2, MCL 338.3501, 445.2001, 445.2011, 445.2025, 445.2030, and 16.735)  
R 408.61 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 1993 AACS; 1998-2000 AACS; 2007 AACS; 2014 AACS.  
R 408.62 Ski area operator duties; authorized vehicles; signs; symbols; notices.  
Rule 62. (1) Ski area operators shall comply with both of the following regarding ski  
slopes, runs, or trails open to skiers:  
(a) A written policy for authorized vehicles that addresses all of the following:  
(i) Identification of vehicles authorized to operate within ski areas. All authorized  
vehicles must be equipped with all of the following:  
(A) A minimum of 1 headlight, 1 taillight, and functional brakes.  
(B) Vehicles measuring less than 6 feet above the snow must have a fluorescent flag  
measuring not less than 40 square inches mounted not less than 6 feet above the bottom of  
the tracks and visible from 360 degrees.  
(C) A flashing or rotating red or yellow light conspicuously located on the vehicle,  
which must be operating while the vehicle is moving in the vicinity of an open ski slope,  
run, or trail.  
(D) An audible alarm capable of producing a minimum warning sound of 85  
decibels to alert skiers or bystanders.  
(ii) Required training for individuals who operate authorized vehicles. The training  
must address all of the following:  
(A) Recommended routes for authorized vehicles to follow on open ski slopes, runs,  
or trails.  
(B) Circumstances under which an authorized vehicle may be used.  
(C) Circumstances under which the alarm required in paragraph (i)(D) of this  
subdivision must be utilized.  
(iii) Notification to first responders and the department within 24 hours of any injury  
or fatality involving an authorized or unauthorized vehicle on a ski slope, run, or trail.  
(iv) Prohibition of the use of privately-owned unauthorized vehicles in areas open to  
skiers.  
(b) Operators of authorized vehicles shall comply with all of the following:  
Page 1  
(i) Be at least 18 years of age, possess a valid driver's license, and have completed  
mandatory training provided by the ski area that includes the safe use of authorized vehicles  
on ski slopes, runs, or trails when skiers are present.  
(ii) Operate an authorized vehicle at a rate of speed not greater than is reasonable for  
the conditions.  
(iii) Yield the right-of-way to skiers and pedestrians while operating an authorized  
vehicle on ski slopes, runs, or trails whenever practicable.  
(2) Ski area operators shall mark snowmaking devices and equipment as follows:  
(a) In snowmaking operations, mark the location of any hydrant, snow gun, or similar  
fixture or equipment situated on a ski run and extending less than 6 feet above the snow  
surface with a caution sign in contrasting colors. An orange marking disc, with a minimum  
diameter of 8 inches, may be used as a caution sign. One sign is adequate for all devices  
located within 3 feet on either side of the sign and within 10 feet downhill from the sign  
along the ski run.  
(b) Place a fiber rope with flags, mesh tape that is more than 3 inches in height, or a  
fence where any hose, cord, or similar equipment is laying on a ski run. The fiber rope with  
flags, mesh tape, or fence must be located between the device and the normal approaching  
ski traffic. The flags on a fiber rope must not be more than 10 feet apart.  
(3) Ski area operators shall mark lifts and trails as follows:  
(a) Locate a sign indicating the relative difficulty of the open slopes a lift serves so  
as to be visible from the entrance to the loading area of that lift.  
(b) Mark each ski run, slope, or trail with the appropriate symbol for the degree or  
difficulty, the degree of difficulty in words, and the name of the run, slope, or trail.  
(c) Select its most difficult slopes and trails and use the black diamond symbol to  
identify them and select its easiest slopes and trails and use a green circle symbol to identify  
them.  
(d) Mark all slopes and trails not identified as “most difficult” or “easiest” as “more  
difficult” and use a blue square symbol to identify them.  
(4) Requirements for signage and symbols are as follows:  
(a) Lettering for trail marking signs is a minimum of 2 inches in height.  
(b) Symbols are not less than 6 inches in horizontal and vertical dimensions.  
(c) All signs required by the ski area safety act of 1962, 1962 PA 199, MCL 408.321  
to 408.344, and these rules are constructed of weather-resistant materials, unless the signs  
are placed within a weathertight structure.  
(d) All trail marking signs required by this rule are attached to a post, tree, lift tower,  
or building in a prominent location on or adjacent to the run, slope, or trail being marked.  
(5) Ski area operators shall provide notification on closed runs, slopes, or trails as  
follows:  
(a) When a ski area is open for skiing and any ski run, slope, or trail is closed to  
skiing, the ski area operator shall mark the top of, or entrance to, each closed run, slope, or  
trail, or that portion of each run, slope, or trail that is closed if less than the entire run, slope,  
or trail, with a sign containing the word "closed" in 3 inches or larger letters.  
(b) The ski area operator shall place a fiber rope with flags, mesh tape that is more  
than 3 inches in height, or a fence across the top of, or entrance to, the run, slope, or trail  
or that portion of the run, slope, or trail that is closed. The ski area operator shall place the  
flags on a fiber rope not more than 10 feet apart.  
Page 2  
History: 2008 AACS; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.65 Adoption of standards by reference.  
Rule 65. A person shall construct, install, and operate a ski lift as prescribed in ANSI  
standards B77.1-2022 entitled "American National Standard for Passenger Ropeways –  
Aerial Tramways, Aerial Lifts, Surface Lifts, Tows and Conveyors - Safety Standard,"  
which is adopted by reference in these rules. This standard may be purchased as an  
electronic download from the American National Standards Institute, Inc. at  
https://www.ansi.org for $200.00. The standard is available for inspection and purchase for  
$200.00 at the Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs, Bureau of Construction  
Codes, at 611 West Ottawa Street, Ottawa Building, Lansing, Michigan 48933.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 1993 AACS; 1998-2000 AACS; 2007 AACS; 2018 AACS; 2020 MR  
23, Eff. Dec. 10, 2020; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.66 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 1997 AACS.  
R 408.67 rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 2014 AACS.  
R 408.68 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 1993 AACS; 1997 AACS.  
R 408.69 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 1997 AACS.  
R 408.70 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 1998-2000 AACS; 2014 AACS.  
R 408.71 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 1997 AACS.  
Page 3  
R 408.75 Inspection and test of system initially and recurring.  
Rule 75. (1) Before a ski system is initially opened to the public, qualified personnel  
and a department inspector shall thoroughly inspect and test the system to ensure that the  
installation of the system is in accordance with the provisions of the act and these rules.  
The designer or manufacturer shall recommend load test procedures.  
(2) A ski area operator shall conduct a load test for chair lifts every 7 years that must  
be witnessed by a department inspector.  
(3) A ski area operator shall demonstrate proper operation of all braking and roll back  
prevention systems per manufacturer specifications to a department inspector once a year.  
(4) Specifications may be prepared by an individual licensed in this state as a  
professional engineer or qualified tramway firm when manufacturer specifications are no  
longer available.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 1993 AACS; 1998-2000 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April  
17, 2026.  
R 408.76 Requirements for lifts not operated for 24 months.  
Rule 76. A ski area operator shall ensure that a lift that has not received a compliant  
state inspection and permit in 24 consecutive months or longer complies with all of the  
requirements of R 408.75 and section 12 of the ski area safety act of 1962, 1962 PA 199,  
MCL 408.332, before the lift is approved for public operation.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 1998-2000 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.77 Replacement of wire rope on emergency basis; repair.  
Rule 77. If damage to a wire rope is confined to a single strand, then a ski area operator  
may replace the damaged strand on an emergency basis. The ski area operator may return  
the repaired rope to service if all of the following conditions have been satisfied:  
(a) Approval for repairs has been obtained from the director.  
(b) A qualified wire rope splicer verbally advised the director, before the wire rope  
was returned to service, that a suitable replacement strand was available and it was possible  
to properly repair the rope using the patch method.  
(c) Documents showing the splice diagrams and overall length of the patch prepared  
by an approved wire rope splicer are filed with the department and placed in the ski area  
operator’s wire rope log for the repaired rope.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 1998-2000 AACS; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.78 Splicers; qualifications.  
Rule 78. The department shall determine that a wire rope splicer is qualified if the  
wire rope splicer meets either of the following requirements:  
(a) The wire rope splicer has not less than 5 years of splicing experience and a  
department inspector has observed the wire rope splicer making an acceptable wire rope  
splice.  
Page 4  
(b) Presents credentials acceptable to the department from a major wire rope company  
or tramway manufacturer attesting to the individual’s qualifications as a wire rope splicer.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 1998-2000 AACS; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.79 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 2014 AACS.  
R 408.80 Rescinded.  
History: 1989 AACS; 1998-2000 AACS; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.81 Rescinded.  
History: 1989 AACS; 1998-2000 AACS; 2012 AACS; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.82 Rescinded.  
History: 1989 AACS; 1998-2000 AACS; 2018 AACS; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.83 Lift designation signs.  
Rule 83. A sign indicating the relative difficulty of the open slopes a lift serves must  
be located so as to be visible from the entrance to the loading area of that lift.  
History: 1989 AACS; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.90 Ski lift accident or breakdown; report; securing scene of accident.  
Rule 90. (1) An operator shall immediately report to the department, by telephone, a  
reportable ski lift incident. An operator shall also file a written report within 2 days on a  
form prescribed by the department.  
(2) As used in this rule, “reportable ski lift incident” means any of the following:  
(a) An incident from a possible malfunction of a passenger ski lift in which an  
individual is seriously injured or killed. For the purpose of this subdivision, “serious injury”  
means an injury where rescue staff assesses the injured individual, and that individual is  
referred to a higher level of care.  
(b) An incident in which a passenger is injured falling or jumping from a chair that is  
outside of the load zone or unload zone:  
(i) As used in subdivision (b) of this subrule, “load zone” means the area from the  
“wait here” sign or loading conveyor access regulating device to the point where ski under  
access is allowed.  
Page 5  
(ii) As used in subdivision (b) of this subrule, “unload zone” means the area  
approaching the unload area where the vertical clearance is less than 8 feet. This is  
measured from the bottom of an open carrier to the terrain or snow surface.  
(c) An unintentional deropement of a ski lift in operation, regardless of whether or  
not the ski lift is evacuated. This does not apply to surface lifts, tows, and conveyors.  
(d) An unplanned evacuation other than by primary electric motor, regardless of  
cause. This does not apply to surface lifts, tows, and conveyors.  
(e) A fire involving ski lift equipment or structures that poses a risk to passengers,  
operating personnel, or the structural integrity of the ski lift.  
(f) Failure of an electrical or mechanical component that results in the loss of control  
of the ski lift, unless the loss of control is a direct result of the malfunction of a single  
manual stop or speed control switch. Any 1 of the following 5 conditions is considered a  
loss of control:  
(i) Ski lift does not slow down when given the command to do so.  
(ii) Ski lift does not stop when given the command to do so.  
(iii) Ski lift accelerates faster than normal design acceleration.  
(iv) Ski lift self-starts or self-accelerates without the command to do so.  
(v) Ski lift reverses direction unintentionally and without the command to do so.  
(g) The failure of components or their primary connections during operation to the  
public are reportable. As used in this subdivision, “failure” means the inability of the  
components listed in paragraphs (i) to (viii) of this subdivision to continue to function as  
designed and continued operation would represent a hazard in any of the following:  
(i) Terminal structure.  
(ii) Bullwheel.  
(iii) Brake system components.  
(iv) Tower structure.  
(v) Sheave, axle, or sheave assembly.  
(vi) Carrier.  
(vii) Grip.  
(viii) Haul, track, or counterweight cable.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 2014 AACS; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.91 Rescinded.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 1997 AACS.  
R 408.92 Evacuation of skiers entangled in rope tow.  
Rule 92. A ski area operator shall devise a method to safely evacuate, within a  
reasonable time, a skier entangled in the rope of a rope tow.  
History: 1979 AC; 1989 AACS; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.94 Toboggans and sleds.  
Page 6  
Rule 94. A lift or tow, while transporting skiers, must not be used to transport  
toboggans or sleds, except by authorized personnel.  
History: 1979 AC; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
R 408.95 Portable rope tow.  
Rule 95. As used in this rule, “portable rope tow” means an engineered system  
designed to be relocated as a complete system, conveying passengers using a continuously  
moving fiber rope. All of the following are conditions for a portable rope tow:  
(a) A portable rope tow is subject to the same permits, inspections, and fees as a rope  
tow.  
(b) A portable rope tow operating in the same location for more than 30 days must be  
attached to permanently installed anchor points.  
(c) A portable rope tow operator shall possess manufacturer instructions for setup and  
operation.  
(d) A portable rope tow may be relocated on a ski run, slope, or trail inside of a ski  
area operator’s property boundary in accordance with manufacturer requirements without  
filing for a modification permit.  
History: 1979 AC; 2026 MR 8, Eff. April 17, 2026.  
Page 7  
;