Michigan Office of Administrative Hearings and Rules  
Administrative Rules Division (ARD)  
REQUEST FOR RULEMAKING (RFR)  
1. Department:  
State  
2. Bureau:  
Elections & Campaign Finance  
3. Promulgation type:  
Full Process  
4. Title of proposed rule set:  
Conduct of Election Recounts  
5. Rule numbers or rule set range of numbers:  
R 168.901- R 168.930  
6. Estimated time frame:  
6 months  
Name of person filling out RFR:  
Alessa Boes  
Email of person filling out RFR:  
Phone number of person filling out RFR:  
517-599-3410  
Address of person filling out RFR:  
430 W. Allegan St.  
Lansing, MI 48918  
7. Describe the general purpose of these rules, including any problems the changes are intended  
to address.  
The purpose of these rules is to update the terminology to account for technological and procedural  
changes since the rules were promulgated in 1979. The rules will also be updated to conform with  
current legal requirements and current practices.  
8. Please cite the specific promulgation authority for the rules (i.e., department director,  
commission, board, etc.).  
Board of State Canvassers.  
“The said board of state canvassers shall prescribe the time and the place in each county where the  
recount of any votes shall be conducted, which recount shall be in public. Said board shall provide  
each board of county canvassers with such rules and regulations as in the opinion of the said board  
of state canvassers shall be necessary to conduct such recount in a fair, impartial and uniform  
manner in the said several counties. Observance of such rules and regulations shall be enforced by  
said board or its representatives hereinafter provided for.” MCL 168.889.  
“The certification of any election results by the board of state canvassers shall be final subject only to  
(a) a post-certification recount of the votes cast in that election supervised by the board of state  
canvassers under procedures prescribed by law; or (b) a post-certification court order.” Const 1963,  
art 2, §7(5).  
“A board of canvassers is authorized to conduct post-certification recounts of election results under  
procedures prescribed by law.” Const 1963, art 2, §7(6).  
MCL 24.239  
RFR-Page 2  
A. Please list all applicable statutory references (MCLs, Executive Orders, etc.).  
MCL 168.889.  
B. Are the rules mandated by any applicable constitutional or statutory provision? If so,  
please explain.  
Yes. MCL 168.889, above, requires the Board of State Canvassers to provide “such rules and  
regulations” as the Board deems necessary. The Board initially promulgated these rules in  
1979.  
9. Please describe the extent to which the rules conflict with or duplicate similar rules,  
compliance requirements, or other standards adopted at the state, regional, or federal level.  
The rules do not conflict with any similar rules, requirements, or standards. The proposed rules clarify  
certain aspects of the Michigan election law, 1954 PA 116, MCL 168.1 to 168.992, specifically  
Chapter XXXIII addressing Recounts, MCL 168.861 to 168.894. The rules also incorporate changes  
based on recent amendments to Michigan’s constitution, specifically Const 1963, art 2, §7  
(amendments incorporated due to the passage of proposal 2022-2, effective 12-24-2022), and  
changes to Michigan election law, 1954 PA 116, MCL 168.1 to 168.992, specifically Chapter XXXIII  
addressing Recounts, sections MCL 168.861 to 168.894.  
10. Is the subject matter of the rules currently contained in any guideline, handbook, manual,  
instructional bulletin, form with instructions, or operational memoranda?  
Yes. Included in Recount Under the Authority of the Board of State Canvassers instructions issued for  
the Proposal 2022-2 and 2022-3 recounts.  
11. Are the rules listed on the department’s annual regulatory plan as rules to be processed for  
the current year?  
Yes.  
12. Will the proposed rules be promulgated under Section 44 of the administrative procedures act  
of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24.244, or under the full rulemaking process?  
Full Process  
13. Please describe the extent to which the rules exceed similar regulations, compliance  
requirements, or other standards adopted at the state, regional, or federal level.  
Currently, precincts are often deemed “unrecountable” whenever a seal is broken or does not match  
the seal number indicated in the poll book, or when the number of ballots in a ballot container does  
not align with the number of ballots issued on Election Day as shown on the poll list, including in  
situations where the reason for the discrepancy is explained in the poll book. While current statute  
allows a precinct to be recounted if the discrepancy is “explained to the satisfaction of the board of  
canvassers[,]” MCL 168.871, that provision has rarely been used. The proposed rules would make  
clear that precincts should be recounted whenever possible, except in those situations where a  
discrepancy cannot be explained.  
Additionally, the rules currently account for the recount of Election Day and absent voter ballots.  
Given the adoption of Proposal 2022-2 into the Constitution and relevant implementing legislation,  
recount procedures also need to account for the recount of votes cast at early voting sites.  
14. Do the rules incorporate the recommendations received from the public regarding any  
complaints or comments regarding the rules? If yes, please explain.  
The proposed rules were shared with the Board of State Canvassers and 4 county clerks (as county  
clerks conduct recounts with the Board of State Canvassers). No changes were requested by either  
group.  
15. If amending an existing rule set, please provide the date of the last evaluation of the rules and  
the degree, if any, to which technology, economic conditions, or other factors have changed  
the regulatory activity covered by the rules since the last evaluation.  
The proposed rules do amend existing rules. The rules were promulgated in 1979 and have not been  
amended since. They do not account for advances in technology such as electronic voting systems  
and electronic pollbooks, both of which must be taken into account for vote tabulation and recounts.  
The current rules also sanction some procedures that are no longer part of the Michigan election law,  
1954 PA 116, MCL 168.1 to 168.992. Specifically, procedures based on former MCL 168.802, which  
MCL 24.239  
RFR-Page 3  
was repealed by 2018 PA 120, effective 12-31-18, and former MCL 168.737, which was repealed by  
2012 PA 128, effective 5-14-12.  
16. Are there any changes or developments since implementation that demonstrate there is no  
continued need for the rules, or any portion of the rules?  
Yes. Since the rules’ implementation in 1979, several changes to Michigan Election law, 1954 PA  
116, MCL 168.1 to 168.992, have rendered some rules obsolete as they reflect procedures that are  
inconsistent with the law and no longer used. The draft will rescind rules that are no longer applicable  
given subsequent changes to election law, specifically, the current rules include procedures based on  
former MCL 168.802, which was repealed by 2018 PA 120, effective 12-31-18, and former MCL  
168.737, which was repealed by 2012 PA 128, effective 5-14-12.  
17. Is there an applicable decision record (as defined in MCL 24.203(6) and required by MCL  
24.239(2))? If so, please attach the decision record.  
No  
Based on the information provided in this RFR, MOAHR concludes that there are sufficient policy and legal  
bases for approving the RFR. The RFR satisfies the requirements of the administrative procedures act of  
1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24.201 to 24.328, and Executive Reorganization Order No. 2019-1, MCL 324.99923.  
MCL 24.239  
;